Norasi Hamid, Tetteh Emmanuel, Sarker Pramiti, Mirka Gary A, Hallbeck M Susan
Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Ergonomics. 2022 Apr;65(4):587-603. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2021.1976847. Epub 2021 Sep 27.
A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the relationship between occupational neck flexion angles and neck problems. The synthesised findings were used to answer three research questions: (1) Is there a positive/negative relationship between neck flexion and neck problems? (2) What is the appropriate angular threshold for neck flexion as a risk factor for neck problems? (3) What are the gaps in our current knowledge? A review of 21 papers revealed (1) a consistent positive correlation between neck flexion and neck problems, and (2) a neck flexion angle of 20° as the most evidence-based (not necessarily the best) cut-off angle separating high- and low-risk neck flexion postures. Future research should focus on the (1) continuous collection of three-dimensional neck postures through longitudinal studies to quantify cumulative exposures of neck postures, and (2) development of standard descriptions of 'neck problems' and 'neck flexion' to facilitate the development of a dose-response relationship. Practitioners depend on thresholds for evaluating neck postural exposure using work assessment tools; however, the scientific basis for this is unclear. This systematic review investigated the angular threshold for neck flexion and found 20° of neck flexion with the greatest evidence-based support as the threshold for high-risk neck postural exposure.
进行了一项系统综述，以评估职业颈部屈曲角度与颈部问题之间的关系。综合研究结果用于回答三个研究问题：（1）颈部屈曲与颈部问题之间是否存在正/负相关关系？（2）作为颈部问题风险因素的颈部屈曲的适当角度阈值是多少？（3）我们当前知识中的差距是什么？对21篇论文的综述表明：（1）颈部屈曲与颈部问题之间存在一致的正相关关系；（2）20°的颈部屈曲角度是区分高风险和低风险颈部屈曲姿势的最具循证依据（不一定是最佳）的临界角度。未来的研究应侧重于：（1）通过纵向研究持续收集三维颈部姿势，以量化颈部姿势的累积暴露；（2）制定“颈部问题”和“颈部屈曲”的标准描述，以促进剂量反应关系的建立。从业者依靠阈值使用工作评估工具来评估颈部姿势暴露；然而，其科学依据尚不清楚。本系统综述调查了颈部屈曲的角度阈值，发现有最充分循证依据支持的20°颈部屈曲是高风险颈部姿势暴露的阈值。
