School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2022;1376:61-75. doi: 10.1007/5584_2021_666.
The bone marrow serves as a reservoir for a multifunctional assortment of stem, progenitor, and mature cells, located in functional anatomical micro-areas termed niches. Within the niche, hematopoietic and mesenchymal progenies establish a symbiotic relationship characterized by interdependency and interconnectedness. The fine-tuned physical and molecular interactions that occur in the niches guarantee physiological bone turnover, blood cell maturation and egression, and moderation of inflammatory and oxidative intramural stressful conditions. The disruption of bone marrow niche integrity causes severe local and systemic pathological settings, and thus bone marrow inhabitants have been the object of extensive study. In this context, research has revealed the importance of the autophagic apparatus for niche homeostatic maintenance. Archetypal autophagic players such as the p62 and the Atg family proteins have been found to exert a variety of actions, some autophagy-related and others not; they moderate the essential features of mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells and switch their operational schedules. This chapter focuses on our current understanding of bone marrow functionality and the role of the executive autophagic apparatus in the niche framework. Autophagic mediators such as p62 and Atg7 are currently considered the most important orchestrators of stem and mature cell dynamics in the bone marrow.
骨髓作为一个多功能的干细胞、祖细胞和成熟细胞的储库，位于功能解剖微区，称为龛。在龛内，造血和间充质祖细胞建立了一种共生关系，其特征是相互依存和相互联系。龛内发生的精细的物理和分子相互作用保证了生理骨转换、血细胞成熟和迁出以及炎症和氧化腔内应激条件的调节。骨髓龛完整性的破坏会导致严重的局部和全身病理状态，因此骨髓居民一直是广泛研究的对象。在这方面，研究揭示了自噬装置对于龛稳态维持的重要性。典型的自噬参与者，如 p62 和 Atg 家族蛋白，被发现具有多种作用，有些与自噬有关，有些则没有；它们调节间充质和造血干细胞的基本特征，并改变它们的操作时间表。本章重点介绍我们对骨髓功能的当前理解以及执行自噬装置在龛框架中的作用。自噬介质，如 p62 和 Atg7，目前被认为是骨髓中干细胞和成熟细胞动力学的最重要的协调者。
