疫情期间的实习经历是否与学生对护理教育的投入程度有关？一项横断面研究。
Are internship experiences during a pandemic related to students' commitment to nursing education? A cross-sectional study.
机构信息
University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Belgium; Department of Nursing, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium.
Developmental Psychology, Department of developmental, personality and social psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
出版信息
Nurse Educ Today. 2021 Dec;107:105124. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105124. Epub 2021 Aug 30.
BACKGROUND
The predominate role of internships on the retention of nursing students highlights the need to monitor internship experiences during a healthcare crisis like CoViD-19.
OBJECTIVES
To explore the relation between internships experiences during a pandemic and student nurses' commitment or intention-to-leave the nursing program; as well as the relation between internship experiences and commitment or intention-to-leave the nursing program.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional study using a sample of 1.079 nursing students from18 nursing schools in Flanders, Belgium. Students from all study years were eligible to participate.
METHODS
Online self-reporting survey during the first CoViD-19 wave (April-May 2020). Regression analyses were used to explore the association with students' commitment or intention-to-leave.
RESULTS
Students reported high levels of study commitment (4.06; SD 0.66; range 1-5), and an overall low intention-to-leave (1.64; SD 0.83; range 1-5). No difference in commitment or intention-to-leave were seen between students who did or did not had internship experience during CoViD-19 period. Need-supportive experiences - indicating that students felt competent, related to the team, and could be themselves on internship - coincided with high commitment. Conversely, need-frustrating experiences - indicating that students felt insecure, unrelated, and controlled by the nursing team - increased intention-to-leave nursing education. Students who felt pressured for an internship during the first wave of the CoViD-19 crisis, had more doubts to continue nursing education, and an increased chance on drop-out.
CONCLUSIONS
We recommend nursing schools to assess student's motivation when making a substantiated decision concerning internships during a health crisis, as facing an imposed or subjective mandatory decision to go into clinical practice might lead to less commitment to the study program. For both teacher and staff mentors it is deemed important to discuss the internship climate with the student, in order to early identify need-frustrating issues during internship.
背景
实习在护理学生留任中的主导作用突出了在像 CoViD-19 这样的医疗危机期间监测实习经历的必要性。
目的
探讨大流行期间实习经历与护生对护理项目的承诺或离开意愿之间的关系；以及实习经历与对护理项目的承诺或离开意愿之间的关系。
设计、地点和参与者：一项使用来自比利时佛兰德斯 18 所护理学校的 1079 名护理学生样本的横断面研究。所有学习年级的学生都有资格参加。
方法
在 CoViD-19 第一波（2020 年 4 月至 5 月）期间进行在线自我报告调查。回归分析用于探索与学生承诺或离开意愿的关联。
结果
学生报告了高度的学习承诺（4.06；SD 0.66；范围 1-5），总体上离开意愿较低（1.64；SD 0.83；范围 1-5）。在 CoViD-19 期间有或没有实习经历的学生在承诺或离开意愿方面没有差异。需要支持的经历——表明学生感到有能力、与团队相关、并且可以在实习中表现出真实的自己——与高度的承诺相一致。相反，需要受挫的经历——表明学生感到不安全、不相关、并受到护理团队的控制——增加了离开护理教育的意愿。在 CoViD-19 危机的第一波中感到实习压力的学生，对继续护理教育的疑虑更多，辍学的可能性也更大。
结论
我们建议护理学校在决定在卫生危机期间进行实习时评估学生的动机，因为面临被迫或主观的强制性决定进入临床实践可能会导致对学习计划的承诺度降低。对于教师和工作人员导师来说，与学生讨论实习氛围是很重要的，以便在实习期间及早发现需要受挫的问题。
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