Nielsen Yngwie Asbjørn, Pfattheicher Stefan, Keijsers Merel
Aarhus University, Denmark.
Aarhus University, Denmark.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2022 Feb;43:260-265. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.08.004. Epub 2021 Aug 12.
Building on the computers are social actors framework, we provide an overview of research demonstrating that humans behave prosocially toward machines. In doing so, we outline that similar motivational and cognitive processes play a role when people act in prosocial ways toward humans and machines. These include perceiving the machine as somewhat human, applying social categories to the machine, being socially influenced by the machine, and experiencing social emotions toward the machine. We conclude that studying prosocial behavior toward machines is important to facilitate proper functioning of human-machine interactions. We further argue that machines provide an interesting yet underutilized resource in the study of prosocial behavior because they are both highly controllable and humanlike.
基于“计算机即社会行为体”框架，我们概述了一些研究，这些研究表明人类对机器表现出亲社会行为。在此过程中，我们概述了，当人们对人类和机器采取亲社会行为时，类似的动机和认知过程会发挥作用。这些过程包括将机器视为有点像人类、将社会类别应用于机器、受到机器的社会影响以及对机器产生社会情感。我们得出结论，研究对机器的亲社会行为对于促进人机交互的正常运作很重要。我们进一步认为，机器在亲社会行为研究中提供了一种有趣但未充分利用的资源，因为它们既高度可控又像人类。
