Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Dec 1;225:112738. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112738. Epub 2021 Sep 1.
Arsenic is a significant food safety and environmental concern due to its mutagenic and carcinogenic effect on living organism. Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) is a global staple crop grown intensively in arsenic-contaminated regions of the world (e.g., Southern Province of China). Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether Se-NPs and/or ZnO-NPs could be used as an eco-friendly and efficient amendment to reduce arsenic uptake and toxicity in soybean. Ten-days-old seedling, grown in vermiculite, were transferred to hydroponic media and further grown till V2 growth stage appeared. AsV (25 μM NaHAsO) stressed plants were treated with ZnONP (25 μM ZnO) and SeNP (25 μM Se) separately and in combination, which were grown for another 10 d. The result demonstrated that arsenic-treated soybean plants displayed a reduction in photosynthetic efficiency, increased proline and glycine betaine accumulation in tissues, and altered antioxidant activity compared to an untreated control. The application of zinc oxide and selenium nanoparticles, both independently and in tandem, reduced arsenic stress in root and shoot tissues and rescued plant health. This was reflected through increased levels of reduced glutathione content, ascorbic acid, and various photosynthesis- and antioxidant-relevant enzymes. In addition, nanoparticle-treated soybean plants displayed higher expression of defense- and detoxification-related genes compared to controls. Cellular toxicants (i.e., oxidized glutathione, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde) were reduced upon nanoparticle treatment. These data collectively suggest that selenium and zinc oxide nanoparticles may be a solution to ameliorate arsenic toxicity in agricultural soils and crop plants.
砷是一种对生物体具有诱变和致癌作用的重要食品安全和环境问题。大豆（Glycine max [L.] Merrill）是一种全球主要作物，在世界上砷污染地区（如中国南方省份）被大量种植。因此，本研究的目的是研究硒纳米颗粒（Se-NPs）和/或氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO-NPs）是否可用作一种环保且高效的改良剂，以减少大豆对砷的吸收和毒性。在珍珠岩中生长的 10 天大的幼苗被转移到水培介质中，并进一步生长至出现 V2 生长阶段。用 AsV（25 μM NaHAsO）处理的植物分别用 ZnO-NP（25 μM ZnO）和 SeNP（25 μM Se）处理，并将其在另一个 10 天内生长。结果表明，与未处理对照相比，砷处理的大豆植株的光合作用效率降低，组织中脯氨酸和甘氨酸甜菜碱的积累增加，抗氧化活性发生改变。氧化锌和硒纳米颗粒的单独和联合应用，减少了根和地上组织中的砷胁迫，并挽救了植物的健康。这反映在还原型谷胱甘肽含量、抗坏血酸和各种与光合作用和抗氧化相关的酶水平增加。此外，与对照相比，纳米颗粒处理的大豆植株显示出更高水平的防御和解毒相关基因的表达。细胞毒性物质（即氧化型谷胱甘肽、活性氧和丙二醛）在纳米颗粒处理后减少。这些数据共同表明，硒和氧化锌纳米颗粒可能是缓解农业土壤和作物植物砷毒性的一种解决方案。
