The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
J Neurochem. 2022 Jan;160(1):113-127. doi: 10.1111/jnc.15503. Epub 2021 Sep 21.
Stroke is the primary reason for death and disability worldwide, with few treatment strategies to date. Neurosteroids, which are natural molecules in the brain, have aroused great interest in the field of stroke. Neurosteroids are a kind of steroid that acts on the nervous system, and are synthesized in the mitochondria of neurons or glial cells using cholesterol or other steroidal precursors. Neurosteroids mainly include estrogen, progesterone (PROG), allopregnanolone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and vitamin D (VD). Most of the preclinical studies have confirmed that neurosteroids can decrease the risk of stroke, and improve stroke outcomes. In the meantime, neurosteroids have been shown to have a positive therapeutic significance in some post-stroke complications, such as epilepsy, depression, anxiety, cardiac complications, movement disorders, and post-stroke pain. In this review, we report the historical background, modulatory mechanisms of neurosteroids in stroke and post-stroke complications, and emphasize on the application prospect of neurosteroids in stroke therapy.
中风是全球范围内导致死亡和残疾的主要原因，迄今为止，治疗策略有限。神经甾体是大脑中的天然分子，在中风领域引起了极大的兴趣。神经甾体是一种作用于神经系统的甾体，在神经元或神经胶质细胞的线粒体中使用胆固醇或其他甾体前体合成。神经甾体主要包括雌激素、孕酮（PROG）、别孕烯醇酮、脱氢表雄酮（DHEA）和维生素 D（VD）。大多数临床前研究证实，神经甾体可以降低中风的风险，并改善中风的预后。同时，神经甾体已被证明在一些中风后的并发症中具有积极的治疗意义，如癫痫、抑郁、焦虑、心脏并发症、运动障碍和中风后疼痛。在这篇综述中，我们报告了神经甾体在中风和中风后并发症中的历史背景、调节机制，并强调了神经甾体在中风治疗中的应用前景。
