Machado Mary C, Zamani Marjon, Daniel Susan, Furst Ariel L
Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA.
MRS Bull. 2021;46(9):840-846. doi: 10.1557/s43577-021-00172-7. Epub 2021 Aug 31.
The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has emphasized the importance of technologies to rapidly detect emerging pathogens and understand their interactions with hosts. Platforms based on the combination of biological recognition and electrochemical signal transduction, generally termed bioelectrochemical platforms, offer unique opportunities to both sense and study pathogens. Improved bio-based materials have enabled enhanced control over the biotic-abiotic interface in these systems. These improvements have generated platforms with the capability to elucidate biological function rather than simply detect targets. This advantage is a key feature of recent bioelectrochemical platforms applied to infectious disease. Here, we describe developments in materials for bioelectrochemical platforms to study and detect emerging pathogens. The incorporation of host membrane material into electrochemical devices has provided unparalleled insights into the interaction between viruses and host cells, and new capture methods have enabled the specific detection of bacterial pathogens, such as those that cause secondary infections with SARS-CoV-2. As these devices continue to improve through the merging of hi-tech materials and biomaterials, the scalability and commercial viability of these devices will similarly improve.
持续的新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行凸显了快速检测新出现病原体并了解其与宿主相互作用的技术的重要性。基于生物识别和电化学信号转导相结合的平台，通常称为生物电化学平台，为传感和研究病原体提供了独特的机会。改进的生物基材料能够更好地控制这些系统中的生物-非生物界面。这些改进产生了能够阐明生物学功能而非简单检测目标的平台。这一优势是近期应用于传染病的生物电化学平台的一个关键特征。在这里，我们描述了用于研究和检测新出现病原体的生物电化学平台材料的发展情况。将宿主膜材料纳入电化学装置，为病毒与宿主细胞之间的相互作用提供了无与伦比的见解，新的捕获方法能够特异性检测细菌病原体，例如那些导致新型冠状病毒二次感染的病原体。随着这些装置通过高科技材料和生物材料的融合不断改进，这些装置的可扩展性和商业可行性也将同样得到提高。
