Ehsan Annahita, Bolano Danilo, Guillaume-Boeckle Sylvie, Spini Dario
Life Course and Inequality Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research LIVES: Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Eur J Ageing. 2020 Jul 29;18(3):333-344. doi: 10.1007/s10433-020-00577-4. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Older adults are at a high risk for loneliness, and community-based interventions can help reduce loneliness for all older adults in a community, regardless of their migration status. However, little research has investigated how older adults, including locals and migrants (in this case, internal newcomers and international expats) participate in these interventions. The "Neighbourhoods in Solidarity" (NS) are a series of community-based interventions that aim to increase social connectedness and reduce loneliness in older adults (55+) in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. This longitudinal embedded mixed-methods study aimed to understand whether older adults (distinguishing between locals, newcomers, and expats) were aware of and participated in the NS, to assess whether participation was associated with changes in loneliness, and to identify relevant processes that could explain a reduction in loneliness. We combined a longitudinal pre/post survey (235 respondents) with ethnographic observations and informal interviews. Quantitative findings showed that individuals who participated in the NS did not have significant changes in loneliness. Qualitative findings showed that perceived migration played an important role in who participated, and that the community distinguished between two types of migrants: newcomers who spoke French fluently, and expats who did not. Individuals were only 'local' if they had ancestors from the town. Some newcomers and some locals used the NS as a platform to build a new sense of community within the NS, whereas expats rarely participated. This was due to linguistic and cultural determinants, institutional constraints, interpersonal relationships, and personal preferences.
老年人面临着较高的孤独风险，基于社区的干预措施有助于减少社区内所有老年人的孤独感，无论其移民身份如何。然而，很少有研究调查老年人，包括当地人和移民（在本文中，内部新移民和国际侨民）如何参与这些干预措施。“团结社区”（NS）是一系列基于社区的干预措施，旨在增强瑞士沃州55岁及以上老年人的社会联系并减少他们的孤独感。这项纵向嵌入式混合方法研究旨在了解老年人（区分当地居民、新移民和侨民）是否知晓并参与了NS，评估参与是否与孤独感的变化相关，并确定可以解释孤独感降低的相关过程。我们将纵向的前后调查（235名受访者）与民族志观察和非正式访谈相结合。定量研究结果表明，参与NS的个体在孤独感方面没有显著变化。定性研究结果表明，感知到的移民身份在谁参与方面起着重要作用，并且社区区分了两种类型的移民：法语流利的新移民和法语不流利的侨民。只有那些祖先来自该镇的个体才被视为“本地人”。一些新移民和一些当地居民将NS作为一个平台，在NS内部建立一种新的社区感，而侨民很少参与。这是由于语言和文化因素、制度限制、人际关系以及个人偏好所致。
