Matsushima Midori, Tsuno Kanami, Okawa Sumiyo, Hori Ai, Tabuchi Takahiro
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences/R&D Center for Smart Wellness City Policies, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kanagawa, Japan.
SSM Popul Health. 2021 Aug 26;15:100903. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100903. eCollection 2021 Sep.
During crisis, trust has been found to have a buffering effect in the prevention of the deterioration of mental well-being, as trust is considered to reflect the individual's capability to gain social resources including both formal and informal support. Additionally, during the COVID-19 pandemic, political trust has been found to reduce anxiety. Taking these findings into account, this study explores the association of generalised and political trust with mental well-being on current postpartum women who were particularly at risk due to a decline in social support leaving them an increased burden of caring newborns during the pandemic. We conducted a crosssectional survey in October 2020 in Japan (n=558). Depressive symptoms (above the cutoff of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)) and Fear of Coronavirus-19 Scale (FCV-19S) scores were used as mental well-being indicators. Generalised and political trust were captured by binary variables. Results of regression analyses, in which covariates were fully adjusted, showed that higher generalised trust had a statistically significant association with lower possibility of depressive symptoms and a lower FCV-19S score, while political trust was not significantly associated with either indicator. For further understanding, we divided respondents into two groups; women living in cities where higher COVID-19 cases were reported and women living in areas with lower COVID-19 cases, to test whether the role of trust differs depending on the infection spread status. It was found that a higher generalised trust was significantly associated with a lower probability of having depressive symptoms in the areas with lower COVID-19 cases. However, statistical significance was not observed in the areas with high COVID-19 cases. This highlighted that even postpartum women who were normally capable of receiving formal and informal social support need to be taken care of in the current situation.
在危机期间，人们发现信任在预防心理健康恶化方面具有缓冲作用，因为信任被认为反映了个人获取包括正式和非正式支持在内的社会资源的能力。此外，在新冠疫情期间，人们发现政治信任能减轻焦虑。考虑到这些研究结果，本研究探讨了广义信任和政治信任与当前产后女性心理健康之间的关联，这些女性在疫情期间由于社会支持减少，照顾新生儿的负担加重，因而面临特别高的风险。我们于2020年10月在日本进行了一项横断面调查（n = 558）。抑郁症状（高于爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）的临界值）和新冠病毒恐惧量表（FCV - 19S）得分被用作心理健康指标。广义信任和政治信任通过二元变量来衡量。在对协变量进行充分调整的回归分析结果中，显示较高的广义信任与较低的抑郁症状可能性以及较低的FCV - 19S得分在统计学上具有显著关联，而政治信任与这两个指标均无显著关联。为了进一步了解，我们将受访者分为两组：居住在报告新冠病例较多城市的女性和居住在新冠病例较少地区的女性，以测试信任的作用是否因感染传播状况而异。结果发现，在新冠病例较少的地区，较高的广义信任与较低的抑郁症状发生率显著相关。然而，在新冠病例较多的地区未观察到统计学显著性。这突出表明，即使是通常能够获得正式和非正式社会支持的产后女性，在当前情况下也需要得到照顾。
