School of Economics, Hainan University, Hainan, China.
Business School, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
Front Public Health. 2021 Aug 19;9:711033. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.711033. eCollection 2021.
This article focuses on the interaction between China's industrial agglomeration, foreign direct investment (FDI) and environmental pollution of public health in the past 15 years. By conducting theoretical and empirical research, we try to reveal the relationship and mechanism between the economic growth and public health from the perspective of environmental pollution. By constructing an embedded theoretical model of industrial agglomeration and FDI, this article combines other environmental pollution influencing factors, expounds the impact mechanism of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution. Based on the provincial-level panel data of China on environmental pollution and industrial agglomeration, the empirical test is carried out through the threshold panel regression model. According to the results, industrial agglomeration can significantly rectify the regional environmental pollution, thereby benefiting public health. FDI has a phased impact on the relationship between industrial agglomeration and environmental pollution. Specifically, when the level of FDI is low, the positive improvement effect of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution is relatively strong. This is mainly because industrial agglomeration can promote economic growth, technological progress, and enhance environmental awareness. When the level of FDI exceeds the first threshold and continues to rise, the positive improvement effect of industrial agglomeration is maximized. Before the level of FDI exceeds the second threshold, this effect gradually weakens. The population concentration and excessive expansion of city scale brought about by industrial agglomeration will lead to the increase of regional resource and energy consumption, thus aggravating environmental pollution. The policy implication is that while the government and enterprises are vigorously increasing the level of foreign investment, they must pay equal attention to economic growth and public health, and the level of industrial agglomeration should match the level of foreign investment so as to give full play to the positive improvement effect of industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution, and realize the coordinated development of the regional economy, environment and population health.
这篇文章聚焦于过去 15 年中国产业集聚、外商直接投资（FDI）与公共卫生环境污染之间的相互作用。通过理论和实证研究，我们试图从环境污染的角度揭示经济增长与公共卫生之间的关系和机制。通过构建产业集聚和 FDI 的嵌入式理论模型，本文结合其他环境污染影响因素，阐述了产业集聚对环境污染的影响机制。基于中国环境污染和产业集聚的省级面板数据，通过门槛面板回归模型进行实证检验。结果表明，产业集聚可以显著纠正区域环境污染，从而有利于公共卫生。FDI 对产业集聚与环境污染之间的关系具有阶段性影响。具体而言，当 FDI 水平较低时，产业集聚对环境污染的积极改善效应较强。这主要是因为产业集聚可以促进经济增长、技术进步和增强环境意识。当 FDI 水平超过第一个门槛并继续上升时，产业集聚的积极改善效应达到最大值。在 FDI 水平超过第二个门槛之前，这种效应逐渐减弱。产业集聚带来的人口集中和城市规模过度扩张会导致区域资源和能源消耗增加，从而加剧环境污染。这一政策含义是，政府和企业在大力提高 FDI 水平的同时，必须同等重视经济增长和公共卫生，产业集聚水平应与 FDI 水平相匹配，以充分发挥产业集聚对环境污染的积极改善效应，实现区域经济、环境和人口健康的协调发展。
