Sikkema Rebecca, Keohan Blanca, Zhitomirsky Igor
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4L7, Canada.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Aug 31;14(17):4982. doi: 10.3390/ma14174982.
Applications of natural hyaluronic acid (HYH) for the fabrication of organic-inorganic composites for biomedical applications are described. Such composites combine unique functional properties of HYH with functional properties of hydroxyapatite, various bioceramics, bioglass, biocements, metal nanoparticles, and quantum dots. Functional properties of advanced composite gels, scaffold materials, cements, particles, films, and coatings are described. Benefiting from the synergy of properties of HYH and inorganic components, advanced composites provide a platform for the development of new drug delivery materials. Many advanced properties of composites are attributed to the ability of HYH to promote biomineralization. Properties of HYH are a key factor for the development of colloidal and electrochemical methods for the fabrication of films and protective coatings for surface modification of biomedical implants and the development of advanced biosensors. Overcoming limitations of traditional materials, HYH is used as a biocompatible capping, dispersing, and structure-directing agent for the synthesis of functional inorganic materials and composites. Gel-forming properties of HYH enable a facile and straightforward approach to the fabrication of antimicrobial materials in different forms. Of particular interest are applications of HYH for the fabrication of biosensors. This review summarizes manufacturing strategies and mechanisms and outlines future trends in the development of functional biocomposites.
本文描述了天然透明质酸（HYH）在制备用于生物医学应用的有机-无机复合材料方面的应用。这类复合材料将HYH的独特功能特性与羟基磷灰石、各种生物陶瓷、生物玻璃、生物水泥、金属纳米颗粒和量子点的功能特性结合在一起。文中还描述了先进复合凝胶、支架材料、水泥、颗粒、薄膜和涂层的功能特性。得益于HYH与无机成分的协同作用，先进复合材料为新型药物递送材料的开发提供了一个平台。复合材料的许多先进特性归因于HYH促进生物矿化的能力。HYH的特性是开发用于生物医学植入物表面改性的薄膜和防护涂层以及先进生物传感器的胶体和电化学制备方法的关键因素。克服了传统材料的局限性，HYH被用作合成功能性无机材料和复合材料的生物相容性封端、分散和结构导向剂。HYH的凝胶形成特性为制备不同形式的抗菌材料提供了一种简便直接的方法。HYH在生物传感器制造方面的应用尤其令人关注。本综述总结了制造策略和机制，并概述了功能性生物复合材料发展的未来趋势。
