Liu Xiaowen, Riquelme Manuel A, Tian Yi, Zhao Dezhi, Acosta Francisca M, Gu Sumin, Jiang Jean X
Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Aug 26;13(17):4293. doi: 10.3390/cancers13174293.
ATP released by bone osteocytes is shown to activate purinergic signaling and inhibit the metastasis of breast cancer cells into the bone. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate the important roles of the CXCR4 and P2Y11 purinergic receptors in mediating the inhibitory effect of ATP on breast cancer cell migration and bone metastasis. Wound-healing and transwell migration assays showed that non-hydrolysable ATP analogue, ATPγS, inhibited migration of bone-tropic human breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. BzATP, an agonist for P2X7 and an inducer for P2Y11 internalization, had a similar dose-dependent inhibition on cell migration. Both ATPγS and BzATP suppressed the expression of CXCR4, a chemokine receptor known to promote breast cancer bone metastasis, and knocking down CXCR4 expression by siRNA attenuated the inhibitory effect of ATPγS on cancer cell migration. While a P2X7 antagonist A804598 had no effect on the impact of ATPγS on cell migration, antagonizing P2Y11 by NF157 ablated the effect of ATPγS. Moreover, the reduction in P2Y11 expression by siRNA decreased cancer cell migration and abolished the impact of ATPγS on cell migration and CXCR4 expression. Similar to the effect of ATPγS on cell migration, antagonizing P2Y11 inhibited bone-tropic breast cancer cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. An in vivo study using an intratibial bone metastatic model showed that ATPγS inhibited breast cancer growth in the bone. Taken together, these results suggest that ATP inhibits bone-tropic breast cancer cells by down-regulating the P2Y11 purinergic receptor and the down-regulation of CXCR4 expression.
骨细胞释放的ATP可激活嘌呤能信号传导并抑制乳腺癌细胞向骨转移。然而,其潜在的分子机制尚未完全明确。在此,我们证明了CXCR4和P2Y11嘌呤能受体在介导ATP对乳腺癌细胞迁移和骨转移的抑制作用中发挥重要作用。伤口愈合和Transwell迁移实验表明,不可水解的ATP类似物ATPγS以剂量依赖性方式抑制亲骨性人乳腺癌细胞的迁移。BzATP是P2X7的激动剂和P2Y11内化的诱导剂,对细胞迁移具有类似的剂量依赖性抑制作用。ATPγS和BzATP均抑制CXCR4的表达,CXCR4是一种已知可促进乳腺癌骨转移的趋化因子受体,通过siRNA敲低CXCR4表达可减弱ATPγS对癌细胞迁移的抑制作用。虽然P2X7拮抗剂A804598对ATPγS对细胞迁移的影响没有作用,但用NF157拮抗P2Y11可消除ATPγS的作用。此外,通过siRNA降低P2Y11表达可减少癌细胞迁移,并消除ATPγS对细胞迁移和CXCR4表达的影响。与ATPγS对细胞迁移的作用类似,拮抗P2Y11以剂量依赖性方式抑制亲骨性乳腺癌细胞迁移。一项使用胫骨内骨转移模型的体内研究表明,ATPγS可抑制骨内乳腺癌的生长。综上所述,这些结果表明ATP通过下调P2Y11嘌呤能受体和CXCR4表达来抑制亲骨性乳腺癌细胞。