COVID-19 大流行对创伤相关急救医疗服务呼叫的影响：一项回顾性队列研究。
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on trauma-related emergency medical service calls: a retrospective cohort study.
机构信息
Prehospital Emergency Care Services, Lapland Central Hospital, P.O. Box 8041, FI-96101, Rovaniemi, Finland.
Department of Emergency Medicine and Services, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 340, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
BMC Emerg Med. 2021 Sep 9;21(1):102. doi: 10.1186/s12873-021-00495-3.
BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound effects on the utilization of health care services, including Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Social distancing measures taken to prevent the spread of the disease have greatly affected the functioning of societies and reduced or halted many activities with a risk of injury. The aim of this study was to report the effects of lockdown measures on trauma-related EMS calls in the Finnish capital area.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all EMS calls in the Helsinki University Hospital (HUH) catchment area between 1 January and 31 July 2020. Calls were identified from the HUH EMS database. Calls were grouped into pre-lockdown, lockdown, and post-lockdown periods according to the restrictions set by the Finnish government and compared to the mean number of calls for the corresponding periods in 2018 and 2019. Statistical comparisons were performed using Mann-Whitney U-test for weekly numbers and percentages.
RESULTS
During the study period there was a total of 70,705 EMS calls, of which 14,998 (21.2%) were related to trauma; 67,973 patients (median age 61.6 years; IQR 35.3-78.6) were met by EMS. There was no significant change in the weekly number of total or trauma-related EMS calls during the pre-lockdown period. During the lockdown period, the number of weekly total EMS calls was reduced by 12.2% (p = 0.001) and the number of trauma-related calls was reduced by 23.3% (p = 0.004). The weekly number of injured patients met by EMS while intoxicated with alcohol was reduced by 41.8% (p = 0.002). During the post-lockdown period, the number of total and trauma-related calls and the number of injured patients intoxicated by alcohol returned to previous years' levels.
CONCLUSIONS
The COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing measures reduced the number of trauma-related EMS calls. Lockdown measures had an especially significant effect on the number of injured patients intoxicated by alcohol met by the EMS.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Not applicable.
背景
COVID-19 大流行对医疗服务的利用产生了深远影响，包括急诊医疗服务（EMS）。为防止疾病传播而采取的社交距离措施极大地影响了社会的运转，并减少或停止了许多有受伤风险的活动。本研究旨在报告封锁措施对芬兰首都地区创伤相关 EMS 呼叫的影响。
方法
我们对 2020 年 1 月 1 日至 7 月 31 日期间赫尔辛基大学医院（HUH）服务区内的所有 EMS 呼叫进行了回顾性队列研究。从 HUH EMS 数据库中识别出呼叫。根据芬兰政府的限制，将呼叫分为封锁前、封锁中和封锁后三个时期，并与 2018 年和 2019 年同期的平均呼叫数量进行比较。使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验对每周的数量和百分比进行统计比较。
结果
在研究期间，共发生了 70705 次 EMS 呼叫，其中 14998 次（21.2%）与创伤有关；共有 67973 名患者（中位数年龄 61.6 岁；IQR 35.3-78.6）由 EMS 接待。在封锁前期间，总 EMS 呼叫和创伤相关 EMS 呼叫的每周数量没有明显变化。在封锁期间，每周总 EMS 呼叫次数减少了 12.2%（p=0.001），创伤相关呼叫次数减少了 23.3%（p=0.004）。由 EMS 接待的醉酒受伤患者的每周数量减少了 41.8%（p=0.002）。在封锁后期间，总 EMS 呼叫和创伤相关呼叫以及因酒精中毒受伤的患者数量恢复到前几年的水平。
结论
COVID-19 大流行和社会距离措施减少了与创伤相关的 EMS 呼叫数量。封锁措施对由 EMS 接待的醉酒受伤患者数量产生了特别显著的影响。
试验注册
不适用。
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