Valle Annalisa, Baglio Gisella, Zanette Michela, Massaro Davide, Baglio Francesca, Marchetti Antonella, Blasi Valeria
Research Unit on Theory of Mind, Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, Milan, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2021 Aug 24;12:720219. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720219. eCollection 2021.
The borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by a borderline intelligence quotient (range 70-85) with difficulties in cognitive and social domains. Children with BIF often live in adverse conditions and show academic and behavioral difficulties. Rehabilitation programs for these children focus mainly on cognitive aspects, sometimes with the aid of new technologies that are able to engage and motivate. In this framework, the affective development of children with BIF and its possible role both in the difficulties they manifest and in the rehabilitation is still poorly investigated. In this work, we investigate the characteristics of the internal working models of these children by applying the separation anxiety test, using both the classical and a new coding system to identify the specific features of the attachment representation. Results delineate a profile characterized by low self-confidence and high separation anxiety, with a tendency to somatization. In the light of these results, we suggest that this attachment profile has an impact on the therapeutic relationships and on the efficacy in the use of technological devices. We propose a new perspective in which the interpersonal relationship with the psychologist and the support of the self-confidence of children are crucial to treating cognitive and behavioral difficulties in children with BIF. Only in this case, the use of new technologies and tools may be effective in promoting the greatest possible benefit from therapeutic interventions.
边缘智力功能(BIF)是一种神经发育状况,其特征为边缘智商(范围70 - 85),在认知和社交领域存在困难。患有BIF的儿童通常生活在不利环境中,表现出学业和行为方面的困难。针对这些儿童的康复计划主要侧重于认知方面,有时借助能够吸引和激励他们的新技术。在此框架下,BIF儿童的情感发展及其在他们所表现出的困难以及康复过程中可能发挥的作用仍未得到充分研究。在这项工作中,我们通过应用分离焦虑测试来研究这些儿童的内部工作模型的特征,使用经典编码系统和一种新的编码系统来识别依恋表征的具体特征。结果描绘出一种以低自信和高分离焦虑为特征,伴有躯体化倾向的概况。鉴于这些结果,我们认为这种依恋概况会对治疗关系以及技术设备使用的效果产生影响。我们提出一种新的观点,即与心理学家的人际关系以及对儿童自信心的支持对于治疗BIF儿童的认知和行为困难至关重要。只有在这种情况下,使用新技术和工具才可能有效地促进从治疗干预中获得最大可能的益处。