Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
PLoS One. 2021 Sep 10;16(9):e0257333. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257333. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND: Higher education attainment is linked to improved health and employment outcomes but the impact of university students' experiences of menstruation on their education is less clear. The objective of this review was to synthesise qualitative and quantitative research on university students' menstrual experiences and educational impacts. METHODS: Eligible studies were identified through systematic searching across eight peer-reviewed databases, websites for menstrual health organisations, grey literature databases, and reference lists of included studies. Eligible studies must have reported on at least one of the antecedents or components of menstrual experience outlined in the integrated model of menstrual experience in relation to university students or reported on the impact of their menstrual experiences on their education. Study characteristics and findings were extracted, analysed and presented as a narrative synthesis. The quality of evidence was assessed with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. This study is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42020178470. RESULTS: Eighty-three studies were eligible for inclusion. Most studies (n = 74; 89%) were quantitative and the highest proportion of studies were conducted in lower-middle-income countries (n = 31; 37%). Self-reported dysmenorrhea, other physical and emotional menstrual-related symptoms, and menstrual stigma contributed to negative menstrual experiences among female students. Very few studies considered the menstrual experiences of non-binary and transgender menstruating students, and culturally diverse students. Dysmenorrhea contributed to university absenteeism, impaired participation and concentration, and declining academic performance. Inadequate sanitation facilities for menstrual management and challenges containing menstruation also negatively impacted education. CONCLUSIONS: Female university students' experiences of menstruation can negatively impact their education, highlighting the need for program and policy responses at university to improve students' wellbeing and educational engagement. Further research on the menstrual experiences of gender diverse, migrant and international students is needed as there is insufficient evidence to date.
背景：较高的教育程度与改善健康和就业结果有关，但大学生的月经经历对其教育的影响尚不清楚。本综述的目的是综合定性和定量研究大学生的月经经历和教育影响。
方法：通过在八个同行评审数据库、月经健康组织的网站、灰色文献数据库以及纳入研究的参考文献中进行系统搜索，确定了符合条件的研究。符合条件的研究必须至少报告了综合月经经历模型中与大学生相关的月经经历的一个或多个前因或组成部分，或报告了他们的月经经历对其教育的影响。提取、分析并以叙述性综合形式呈现研究特征和结果。使用混合方法评估工具评估证据质量。本研究已在 PROSPERO 上注册，编号为 CRD42020178470。
结果：83 项研究符合纳入标准。大多数研究（n=74；89%）为定量研究，来自中低收入国家的研究比例最高（n=31；37%）。自我报告的痛经、其他身体和情绪相关的月经症状以及月经耻辱感导致女学生出现负面的月经经历。很少有研究考虑非二元性别和跨性别月经学生以及文化多样的学生的月经经历。痛经导致大学缺勤、参与和注意力受损以及学业成绩下降。月经管理的卫生设施不足和控制月经的挑战也对教育产生负面影响。
结论：女大学生的月经经历可能会对其教育产生负面影响，这突显了大学需要采取计划和政策措施来改善学生的幸福感和教育参与度。需要进一步研究性别多样化、移民和国际学生的月经经历，因为目前证据不足。
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