Department of Nursing, University of Huelva, Avenida Tres de Marzo s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research Group of Humanities and Qualitative Research in Health Science of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Hum&QRinHS), Avenida Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 13;17(18):6670. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186670.
Dysmenorrhea refers to chronic pain associated with menstruation that is often accompanied by other symptoms. Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) occurs without any associated pelvic disease. Nonetheless, it may negatively affect women's quality of life. Among university students, dysmenorrhea decreases academic performance and is a cause of absenteeism. The purposes of our study were to describe how nursing students experienced PD and the changes affecting their body and mood. A qualitative case study was performed among 33 nursing students with PD. Data were collected through five focus groups (with two sessions each) and 10 researchers' field notes. We used a video meeting platform to conduct the focus groups. A thematic analysis was performed, and the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines were followed. Three main themes emerged from the data: (a) living with dysmenorrhea, with two subthemes: menstruation and pain; (b) body changes and mood swings; and (c) seeking a safe environment, with three subthemes: safe environment, unsafe environment, and key safety aspects. Students considered menstruation to be negative and limiting, causing physical and mood changes, making them feel less attractive, and conditioning their way of dressing and relating.
痛经是指与月经相关的慢性疼痛，常伴有其他症状。原发性痛经（PD）在没有任何相关盆腔疾病的情况下发生。然而，它可能会对女性的生活质量产生负面影响。在大学生中，痛经会降低学习成绩，并导致缺勤。我们的研究目的是描述护理专业学生经历 PD 时的感受，以及影响他们身体和情绪的变化。对 33 名患有 PD 的护理专业学生进行了一项定性案例研究。通过五次焦点小组（每次两次会议）和 10 名研究人员的现场记录收集数据。我们使用视频会议平台进行焦点小组讨论。对数据进行了主题分析，并遵循了定性研究报告标准和定性研究综合标准。从数据中得出三个主要主题：（a）与痛经共存，有两个子主题：月经和疼痛；（b）身体变化和情绪波动；以及（c）寻求安全环境，有三个子主题：安全环境、不安全环境和关键安全方面。学生们认为月经是消极和受限的，会导致身体和情绪变化，使她们感觉自己不那么有吸引力，并影响她们的着装和交往方式。
