Huang Junjie, Patel Harsh K, Boakye Daniel, Chandrasekar Viveksandeep Thoguluva, Koulaouzidis Anastasios, Lucero-Prisno Iii Don Eliseo, Ngai Chun Ho, Pun Ching Nei, Bai Yijun, Lok Veeleah, Liu Xianjing, Zhang Lin, Yuan Jinqiu, Xu Wanghong, Zheng Zhi-Jie, Wong Martin Cs
The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA, United States.
Cancer Lett. 2021 Sep 10;521:238-251. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.004.
This study aimed to evaluate the global distribution, associated factors, and epidemiologic trends of gallbladder cancer (GBC) by country, sex, and age groups. The Global Cancer Observatory was interrogated for the disease burden of GBC using age-standardized rates (ASR). The prevalence of different potential risk factors for each country was extracted from Global Health Observatory and their associations with GBC incidence and mortality were examined by linear regression analysis using beta coefficients (β). The Cancer Incidence in Five Continents I-XI and the WHO Mortality database were searched and Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) was generated from joinpoint regression analysis. The incidence (ASR = 2.3) and mortality (ASR = 1.7) of GBC varied globally in 2018 and were higher in more developed countries and among females. Countries with higher incidence had higher human development index (β = 0.37; β = 0.27), gross domestic products (β = 0.13) and higher prevalence of current smoking (β = 0.05), overweight (β = 0.02), obesity (β = 0.03), and hypercholesterolaemia (β = 0.07). Similar patterns of associations were also observed for mortality with an additional association found for diabetes (β = 0.07). Although there was an overall decreasing trend in mortality, an increasing trend in incidence was observed among some populations, particularly in males (AAPCs, 8.97 to 1.92) and in younger individuals aged <50 years (AAPCs, 12.02 to 5.66). The incidence of GBC varied between countries and was related to differences in the prevalence of potential risk factors. There was an increasing incidence trend among males and younger individuals. More intensive lifestyle modifications and disease surveillance are recommended for these populations.
本研究旨在按国家、性别和年龄组评估胆囊癌（GBC）的全球分布、相关因素及流行病学趋势。利用年龄标准化率（ASR），通过全球癌症观测站查询GBC的疾病负担。从全球卫生观测站提取每个国家不同潜在风险因素的患病率，并使用β系数（β）通过线性回归分析检验其与GBC发病率和死亡率的关联。检索《五大洲癌症发病率》第一至十一卷以及世界卫生组织死亡率数据库，并通过Joinpoint回归分析生成年均百分比变化（AAPC）。2018年GBC的发病率（ASR = 2.3）和死亡率（ASR = 1.7）在全球范围内存在差异，在更发达国家以及女性中更高。发病率较高的国家具有较高的人类发展指数（β = 0.37；β = 0.27）、国内生产总值（β = 0.13）以及当前吸烟（β = 0.05）、超重（β = 0.02）、肥胖（β = 0.03）和高胆固醇血症（β = 0.07）的患病率。在死亡率方面也观察到类似的关联模式，另外还发现糖尿病与之有关联（β = 0.07）。尽管死亡率总体呈下降趋势，但在一些人群中观察到发病率呈上升趋势，尤其是男性（AAPC为8.97至1.92）以及年龄＜50岁的较年轻个体（AAPC为12.02至5.66）。GBC的发病率在各国之间存在差异，并且与潜在风险因素患病率的差异有关。男性和较年轻个体的发病率呈上升趋势。建议对这些人群进行更严格的生活方式改变和疾病监测。
