《在一家三级医院的精神科门诊就诊的青少年中的精神障碍：一项描述性横断面研究》

Psychiatric Disorders in Adolescents Attending Psychiatry Outpatient Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Jorpati, Kathmandu.

Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Jorpati, Kathmandu.

出版信息

JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2021 Jul 1;59(238):564-570. doi: 10.31729/jnma.6448.

DOI:10.31729/jnma.6448

PMID:34508405

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8369568/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Adolescence is the time when most mental illness begins most of the time these problems are overlooked leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The study is undertaken to find out the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in adolescents attending psychiatry outpatient department in a tertiary hospital.

METHODS

A descriptive cross-sectional study was done from 1st December 2019 to 29th November 2020 at a tertiary care centre of Kathmandu. Ethical approval (Ref No.: 012-076/077) was taken from the Institution Review Committee. A semi-structured proforma was used for the socio-demographic profile of patients and International Classification of Diseases-10 was used to make the diagnosis. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.

RESULTS

A total of 174 adolescents were included in the study. Out of the total cases 141 (81.03%) (75.1-86.8 at 95% Confidence Interval) were diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, among them 73 (51.77%) were males and 68 (48.23%) were females. The common diagnoses were anxiety disorders 63 (36.20%), mood disorders 34 (19.54%), psychotic disorders 26 (14.94%), substance use disorders 8 (4.59%), non-organic sleep disorders 5 (2.87%), behavioral and emotional disorders 3 (1.72%) and mental retardation 2 (1.149%).

CONCLUSIONS

Prevalence of psychiatric illnesses is high in the adolescent population compared to the similar studies.

摘要

简介

青春期是大多数精神疾病开始的时期，大多数情况下，这些问题被忽视，导致发病率和死亡率增加。本研究旨在探讨在一家三级医院的精神科门诊就诊的青少年中精神障碍的患病率。

方法

本研究为 2019 年 12 月 1 日至 2020 年 11 月 29 日在加德满都的一家三级护理中心进行的描述性横断面研究。本研究已获得机构审查委员会的伦理批准（编号：012-076/077）。使用半结构式病例报告表获取患者的社会人口学特征，使用国际疾病分类第 10 版进行诊断。使用统计软件包 16 进行数据分析。

结果

本研究共纳入 174 名青少年。在所有病例中，141 例（81.03%）（95%置信区间为 75.1-86.8）被诊断为精神障碍，其中 73 例（51.77%）为男性，68 例（48.23%）为女性。常见的诊断包括焦虑障碍 63 例（36.20%）、心境障碍 34 例（19.54%）、精神病性障碍 26 例（14.94%）、物质使用障碍 8 例（4.59%）、非器质性睡眠障碍 5 例（2.87%）、行为和情绪障碍 3 例（1.72%）和智力迟钝 2 例（1.149%）。