Agrawal Aditya, Varshney Rajat, Pathak Mamta, Patel Shailesh Kumar, Rai Vishal, Sulabh Sourabh, Gupta Rohini, Solanki Khushal Singh, Varshney Ritu, Nimmanapalli Ramadevi
ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122 India.
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, IAS, RGSC, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh 231001 India.
Virusdisease. 2021 Dec;32(4):774-783. doi: 10.1007/s13337-021-00737-9. Epub 2021 Sep 7.
Emerging pathogens have been an eternal threat to mankind. In a series of pandemics caused by notorious coronaviruses, a newly emerged SARS-CoV2 virus is creating panic among the world population. The unavailability of reliable theranostics insists the exploration of antigenic determinants in spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV2. The four novel inserts ('VSGTNGT', 'KSWM', SYLTPG and QTQTNSPRR) in SARS-CoV2 spike protein were unraveled via multiple sequence alignment of spike proteins of SARS-CoV2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. The three-dimension (3D) modeling of the spike protein of the SARS-CoV2 and their interaction with the ACE2 receptor was delineated with the help of SWISS-MODEL and 3DLigandSite web servers. The predicted 3D model of SARS-CoV2 was further verified by SAVES, RAMPAGE, and ProSA-web tools. The potential B-cell immunogenic epitopes of SARS-CoV2 were predicted out by using various software viz. IEDB B-cell epitopes prediction tool, BepiPred linear epitope prediction tool, Emini Surface Accessibility Prediction tool, and Kolaskar-Tongaonkar antigenicity web tool. The five epitopes ( 'SGTNGTKRFDN, SYLTPG, RVYST, QTQTNSPRRARSV, and QSAPH) were selected as potent antigenic determinants. The quantum of information generated by this study will prove beneficial for the development of effective therapeutics, diagnostics, and multi-epitopic vaccines to combat this ongoing menace.
新出现的病原体一直是人类面临的永恒威胁。在由臭名昭著的冠状病毒引发的一系列大流行中，一种新出现的SARS-CoV2病毒正在全球人群中引发恐慌。由于缺乏可靠的诊疗方法，人们坚持探索SARS-CoV2刺突糖蛋白中的抗原决定簇。通过对SARS-CoV2、SARS-CoV和MERS-CoV刺突蛋白进行多序列比对，揭示了SARS-CoV2刺突蛋白中的四个新插入序列（“VSGTNGT”、“KSWM”、“SYLTPG”和“QTQTNSPRR”）。借助SWISS-MODEL和3DLigandSite网络服务器，描绘了SARS-CoV2刺突蛋白的三维（3D）模型及其与ACE2受体的相互作用。通过SAVES、RAMPAGE和ProSA-web工具进一步验证了预测的SARS-CoV2 3D模型。使用各种软件预测了SARS-CoV2潜在的B细胞免疫原性表位，即IEDB B细胞表位预测工具、BepiPred线性表位预测工具、Emini表面可及性预测工具和Kolaskar-Tongaonkar抗原性网络工具。选择了五个表位（“SGTNGTKRFDN”、“SYLTPG”、“RVYST”、“QTQTNSPRRARSV”和“QSAPH”）作为有效的抗原决定簇。本研究产生的信息量将证明有助于开发有效的治疗方法、诊断方法和多表位疫苗，以对抗这一持续的威胁。
