Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61820, USA; email:
Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany.
Annu Rev Psychol. 2022 Jan 4;73:489-516. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-020821-114927. Epub 2021 Sep 13.
Personality psychology, which seeks to study individual differences in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that persist over time and place, has experienced a renaissance in the last few decades. It has also not been reviewed as a field in the since 2001. In this article, we seek to provide an update as well as a meta-organizational structure to the field. In particular, personality psychology has a prescribed set of four responsibilities that it implicitly or explicitly tackles as a field: () describing what personality is-i.e., what the units of analysis in the field are; () documenting how it develops; () explaining the processes of personality and why they affect functioning; and () providing a framework for understanding individuals and explaining their actions, feelings, and motivations. We review progress made over the last 20 years to address these four agendas and conclude by highlighting future directions and ongoing challenges to the field.
人格心理学旨在研究个体在时间和地点上持续存在的思想、情感和行为差异，在过去几十年中经历了复兴。自 2001 年以来，它也没有作为一个领域进行过审查。在本文中，我们试图为该领域提供更新和元组织结构。特别是，人格心理学有一系列规定的责任，它作为一个领域隐含或明确地处理这些责任：（1）描述人格是什么，即该领域的分析单位是什么；（2）记录它是如何发展的；（3）解释人格的过程以及为什么它们会影响功能；（4）为理解个体和解释他们的行为、感受和动机提供一个框架。我们回顾了过去 20 年在解决这四个议程方面取得的进展，并最后强调了该领域的未来方向和持续挑战。
