Ralte Laldinfeli, Bhardwaj Usha, Singh Y Tunginba
Department of Botany, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, Mizoram, India.
Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, CUNY, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Heliyon. 2021 Sep 1;7(9):e07907. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07907. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Solanaceae plants have been used as traditional medicines in Mizoram, India. This warrants the presence of therapeutic compounds and various bioactive phytochemicals in these plants, and characterizing their structures could lead to a possible focus for drug development.
Solanaceae plants are incredible sources of proteins and minerals; some even have high medicinal values which has been recognized traditionally. The present study was designed to explore and document the ethnobotany, phytochemical and mineral nutrient composition, antimicrobial properties, antioxidant potential and to identify functional groups from edible species of Solanaceae from Mizoram, India.
Field surveys and samples collection was conducted from Aizawl District, Mizoram, India. All the studied samples were extracted using Soxhlet apparatus for the analysis of bioactive compounds. The total phenol, total flavonoid and total anthocyanin contents were determined using standard methods. The antioxidant activities were measured using DPPH free radical scavenging, APX, CAT and SOD activities. The proximate analyses and mineral contents were determined by standard methods. The antibacterial potential was determined using the agar well diffusion method, and the functional groups were analysed using FTIR. All the results were reported as the mean ± standard deviation. The linear regression coefficient (R) for total flavonoid and phenolic content with antioxidant activity was analysed using Graph Pad Prism Version 5. P-value < 0.05 was considered significant.
The phytochemical screenings showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids and saponins in all the samples. The highest total phenolic content was found in Lam. (29.51 mg GAE/g), and L. contained the highest total flavonoids (35.15 ± 0.03 mg/g). Proteins and carbohydrates contents were found to be the highest in L. (28.49 mg/g) and L. 35.64 mg/g) respectively. Elemental analysis showed the presence of Calcium (Ca), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg) and Sodium (Na) in high proportion in all the studied samples. All the plant extracts showed effective antibacterial activities against and . The Fourier Transformed Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra revealed multiple functional groups in these plants species which could be used to identify bioactive compounds that can be subsequently utilized as herbal remedies for various ailments.
Our findings suggest that a considerable amount of nutrients, biologically active and therapeutic compounds are present in the studied samples and these plants could be potential sources for new phyto-pharmaceutical and nutraceutical preparations.
茄科植物在印度米佐拉姆邦一直被用作传统药物。这表明这些植物中存在治疗性化合物和各种生物活性植物化学物质，对其结构进行表征可能会为药物开发提供一个潜在的重点。
茄科植物是蛋白质和矿物质的惊人来源；有些甚至具有很高的药用价值，这在传统上已得到认可。本研究旨在探索和记录印度米佐拉姆邦茄科可食用物种的民族植物学、植物化学和矿物质营养成分、抗菌特性、抗氧化潜力，并识别其官能团。
在印度米佐拉姆邦艾藻尔区进行了实地调查和样本采集。所有研究样本均使用索氏提取器进行提取，以分析生物活性化合物。采用标准方法测定总酚、总黄酮和总花青素含量。使用DPPH自由基清除法、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性来测定抗氧化活性。采用标准方法进行近似分析和矿物质含量测定。使用琼脂扩散法测定抗菌潜力，并使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析官能团。所有结果均报告为平均值±标准差。使用Graph Pad Prism 5版本分析总黄酮和酚类含量与抗氧化活性的线性回归系数（R）。P值<0.05被认为具有显著性。
植物化学筛选表明，所有样本中均存在生物碱、单宁、黄酮、萜类和皂苷。在 Lam.中发现总酚含量最高（29.51 mg没食子酸当量/g），而 L.中总黄酮含量最高（35.15±0.03 mg/g）。发现 L.中的蛋白质含量最高（28.49 mg/g）， L.中的碳水化合物含量最高（35.64 mg/g）。元素分析表明，所有研究样本中钙（Ca）、铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、锌（Zn）、钾（K）、镁（Mg）和钠（Na）的含量都很高。所有植物提取物对 和 均表现出有效的抗菌活性。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）光谱显示这些植物物种中存在多个官能团，可用于识别生物活性化合物，这些化合物随后可作为治疗各种疾病的草药。
我们的研究结果表明，所研究的样本中存在大量营养物质、生物活性和治疗性化合物，这些植物可能是新型植物药和营养保健品制剂的潜在来源。
