Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology.
Genes Genet Syst. 2022 Feb 23;96(5):229-235. doi: 10.1266/ggs.21-00040. Epub 2021 Sep 16.
Plant adaptation to high temperature, often referred to as heat acclimation, is a process in which exposure to moderately high temperatures increases a plant's tolerance to subsequent (normally) lethal high temperatures. Plants store heat experience information (heat memory) obtained from previous exposure to high temperatures for several days and develop future temperature responsiveness. However, our understanding of heat acclimation is very limited. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, changes in the expression patterns of heat memory genes play a central role in regulating plant survival and adaptation to recurring heat stress. Heat stress-related transcription factors and histone-modifying enzymes function in the sensitized expression of heat memory genes via the deposition and removal of histone modifications. Chromatin-remodeling complexes and miRNA accumulation also trigger the sustained expression of heat memory genes. In this review, I describe studies of heat acclimation that have provided important insights into the molecular mechanisms that lead to flexible and reversible gene expression upon heat stress in plants.
植物对高温的适应，通常称为热适应，是一个过程，即暴露于适度高温会增加植物对随后（通常是致命的）高温的耐受性。植物会储存数天前暴露于高温时获得的热经历信息（热记忆），并发展出未来对温度的响应能力。然而，我们对热适应的理解非常有限。在模式植物拟南芥中，热记忆基因表达模式的变化在调节植物的存活和适应反复热胁迫方面起着核心作用。与热应激相关的转录因子和组蛋白修饰酶通过组蛋白修饰的沉积和去除，在热记忆基因的敏感表达中发挥作用。染色质重塑复合物和 miRNA 的积累也触发了热记忆基因的持续表达。在这篇综述中，我描述了热适应的研究，这些研究为植物在热应激下导致灵活和可逆基因表达的分子机制提供了重要的见解。
