Biodegradable carboxymethyl cellulose-polyvinyl alcohol composite incorporated with L. essential oil: Physicochemical and antibacterial features.

L. root essential oil (GGEO) has well-known antimicrobial and therapeutic features. In this study, a new antimicrobial carboxymethyl cellulose-polyvinyl alcohol (CMC-PVA) binary film was developed using GGEO as an active compound. The effects of various concentrations of GGEO (0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75%) were scrutinized on the physicochemical and antibacterial properties of composites. It was discovered that GGEO significantly reduced the composite ultimate tensile strength from 17.01 to 3.86 MPa. Further, by increasing the concentration of GGEO to 0.75%, the water vapor permeability and moisture content increased to 13.61 × 10 g/m s Pa and 41.06%, respectively. The results indicated that the active films possessed good inhibitory effects against the gram-positive bacteria () and were less powerful against gram-negative bacteria (). Finally, the results highlighted that GGEO can act as an excellent antimicrobial agent in combination with CMC-PVA composite.