Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada.
Departments of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
Cancer Med. 2021 Nov;10(21):7447-7456. doi: 10.1002/cam4.4273. Epub 2021 Sep 17.
To manage acute, long-term, and late effects of cancer, current guidelines recommend moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic and resistance exercise. Unfortunately, not all cancer survivors are able or willing to perform higher intensity exercise during difficult cancer treatments or because of other existing health conditions. Tai Chi is an equipment-free, multicomponent mind-body exercise performed at light-to-moderate intensity that may provide a more feasible alternative to traditional exercise programs for some cancer survivors. This systematic review evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of Tai Chi across the cancer care continuum. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, and CINAHL databases for interventional studies from inception to 18 September 2020. Controlled trials of the effects of Tai Chi training on patient-reported and objectively measured outcomes in cancer survivors were included. Study quality was determined by the RoB 2 tool, and effect estimates were evaluated using the Best Evidence Synthesis approach. Twenty-six reports from 14 trials (one non-randomized controlled trial) conducted during (n = 5) and after treatment (after surgery: n = 2; after other treatments: n = 7) were included. Low-level evidence emerged to support the benefits of 40-60 min of thrice-weekly supervised Tai Chi for 8-12 weeks to improve fatigue and sleep quality in cancer survivors. These findings need to be confirmed in larger trials and tested for scaling-up potential. Insufficient evidence was available to evaluate the effects of Tai Chi on other cancer-related outcomes. Future research should examine whether Tai Chi training can improve a broader range of cancer outcomes including during the pre-treatment and end of life phases.
为了管理癌症的急性、长期和晚期影响，目前的指南建议进行中等至高强度的有氧和抗阻运动。然而，并非所有癌症幸存者在癌症治疗期间或由于其他现有健康状况，都能够或愿意进行更高强度的运动。太极是一种无需器械、多成分的身心运动，运动强度为轻至中等，可以为一些癌症幸存者提供一种比传统运动方案更可行的替代选择。本系统评价评估了太极在癌症治疗全过程中的治疗效果。我们检索了 MEDLINE/PubMed、Embase、SCOPUS 和 CINAHL 数据库，以获取截至 2020 年 9 月 18 日的干预性研究。纳入了关于太极训练对癌症幸存者患者报告和客观测量结果影响的对照试验。研究质量由 RoB 2 工具确定，使用最佳证据综合方法评估效应估计值。纳入了来自 14 项试验的 26 份报告（1 项非随机对照试验），这些试验在治疗期间（n=5）和治疗后（手术后：n=2；其他治疗后：n=7）进行。低水平证据表明，每周 3 次、每次 40-60 分钟、持续 8-12 周的监督式太极锻炼有益于改善癌症幸存者的疲劳和睡眠质量。这些发现需要在更大的试验中得到证实，并检验其扩大规模的潜力。目前尚无足够证据评估太极对其他癌症相关结局的影响。未来的研究应探讨太极训练是否能改善更广泛的癌症结局，包括在治疗前和生命末期阶段。
