Lin Bingxian, Liu Kaiming, Qiu Yunren
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China.
R Soc Open Sci. 2021 Sep 8;8(9):210462. doi: 10.1098/rsos.210462. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Polysulfone (PSF) works potentially in haemodialysis due to its great mechanical and chemical stability, but performs poorly in haemocompatibility. For promoting the unpleasant haemocompatibility, sulfonated citric chitosan (SCACS) with the structure and groups similar to heparin was primarily synthesized by acylation and sulfonation. Furthermore, the chloroacylated PSF was pretreated by electrophilic chloroacetyl chloride to achieve more active sites for further reaction; the following membranes underwent the amination and were named amination polysulfone (AMPSF) membranes. Moreover, SCACS with abundant carboxyl and sulfonic groups was covalently grafted at the surface of pretreated PSF membranes, called PSF-SCACS membranes. The PSF-SCACS membranes were successfully synthesized and characterized by H NMR, ATR-FTIR and XPS. In addition, the water contact angle of PSF-SCACS membranes decreased by 47° and the morphologies of the membranes changed little compared with the unmodified PSF membranes. The haemocompatible testing results, including protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, haemolysis rate, plasma recalcification time, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and thrombin time (TT), demonstrated that the PSF-SCACS membranes possessed excellent haemocompatible performances, and SCACS played an important role in the modification.
聚砜（PSF）由于其出色的机械和化学稳定性，在血液透析中具有潜在的应用价值，但在血液相容性方面表现不佳。为了改善其不良的血液相容性，首先通过酰化和磺化反应合成了结构和基团与肝素相似的磺化柠檬酸壳聚糖（SCACS）。此外，用亲电试剂氯乙酰氯对氯乙酰化聚砜进行预处理，以获得更多的活性位点用于进一步反应；随后对所得膜进行胺化处理，得到的膜称为胺化聚砜（AMPSF）膜。此外，将含有丰富羧基和磺酸基团的SCACS共价接枝到预处理后的聚砜膜表面，制得PSF-SCACS膜。通过核磁共振氢谱（1H NMR）、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对成功合成的PSF-SCACS膜进行了表征。此外，与未改性的聚砜膜相比，PSF-SCACS膜的水接触角降低了47°，且膜的形态变化不大。血液相容性测试结果，包括蛋白质吸附、血小板黏附、溶血率、血浆复钙时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶原时间（PT）和凝血酶时间（TT）表明，PSF-SCACS膜具有优异的血液相容性，且SCACS在改性过程中发挥了重要作用。
