Hunter Maddison, Kellett Jane, Toohey Kellie, D'Cunha Nathan M, Isbel Stephen, Naumovski Nenad
Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, 2617 ACT, Australia.
Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, 2617 ACT, Australia.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2020 Oct 2;10(4):935-949. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe10040066.
Malnutrition poses a significant problem for oncology patients, resulting in fatalities within this population. Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) are at high risk, with up to 90% developing malnutrition. Common treatments used for HNC can often lead to adverse side effects, including oral health conditions, gastrointestinal upsets, and several metabolic changes. Consequently, treatments can cause inadequate nutritional intake, resulting in a reduction in energy consumption, and alterations in energy utilization, contributing to the development of malnutrition. Furthermore, the presence of these treatment toxicities, and the related malnutrition can lead to reduced quality of life, weight loss, and psychological distress. There are interventions available (nutritional, medicinal, and physical therapies) that have demonstrated potential effectiveness in reducing the severity of symptomatic toxicities, reducing the risk of malnutrition, and improving survival outcomes of patients with HNC. Based on the findings of this review, there is an urgent need for the implementation or continuation of multi-disciplinary strategies, as well as updated and improved guidelines to assist in the prevention and treatment of malnutrition caused by treatment-related toxicities in patients with HNC.
营养不良给肿瘤患者带来了重大问题，导致该人群出现死亡情况。头颈癌（HNC）患者面临的风险很高，高达90%的患者会出现营养不良。用于治疗头颈癌的常见疗法往往会导致不良副作用，包括口腔健康问题、胃肠道不适以及多种代谢变化。因此，这些治疗可能会导致营养摄入不足，进而导致能量消耗减少以及能量利用改变，促使营养不良的发生。此外，这些治疗毒性以及相关的营养不良会导致生活质量下降、体重减轻和心理困扰。现有的一些干预措施（营养、药物和物理疗法）已证明在减轻症状性毒性的严重程度、降低营养不良风险以及改善头颈癌患者的生存结局方面具有潜在效果。基于本综述的研究结果，迫切需要实施或继续采用多学科策略，以及更新和完善相关指南，以协助预防和治疗头颈癌患者因治疗相关毒性导致的营养不良。
