Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom; Wellcome EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
World Neurosurg. 2021 Dec;156:96-102. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.09.054. Epub 2021 Sep 20.
Connectivity is a driving force for productivity across a wide variety of sectors in the 21st century, with health care being no exception. Fifth generation cellular technology (5G) is frequently alluded to in the mainstream media but understanding of the technology and its potential impact is not widespread in clinical communities. It promises unprecedented improvement in speed, bandwidth, reliability, and latency, all of which have significant implications for the way we use wireless data. 5G can be subdivided into 3 parallel technological architectures: extended mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC), and massive machine type communication (mMTC). These domains each present different and exciting prospects for the future of health care. This narrative review aims to elucidate the nature of 5G, its context within the development of telecommunications, and describe some of the notable opportunities it presents to the neurosurgical community. In many cases the requisite hardware has already been developed, but use has been limited by the requirements of a fast, reliable, and omnipresent network connection. Examples include telesurgical robots, remote supervision of procedures, integrated smart operating rooms, and clinician telepresence. The events of 2020 and the COVID-19 pandemic have brought the world's attention to digital transformation. The mechanics of 5G connectivity creates the capacity for these changes to be applied practically. An understanding of this technology is essential to appreciate the development and opportunities which will be part of our professional future.
在 21 世纪，连通性是各个领域生产力的推动因素，医疗保健也不例外。第五代蜂窝技术（5G）经常在主流媒体中被提及，但临床社区并不广泛了解这项技术及其潜在影响。它承诺在速度、带宽、可靠性和延迟方面实现前所未有的提升，所有这些都对我们使用无线数据的方式产生了重大影响。5G 可以细分为 3 种平行的技术架构：扩展移动宽带（eMBB）、超高可靠低延迟通信（URLLC）和大规模机器类型通信（mMTC）。这些领域各自为医疗保健的未来带来了不同且令人兴奋的前景。本叙述性综述旨在阐明 5G 的性质、它在电信发展中的背景，并描述它为神经外科学领域带来的一些显著机遇。在许多情况下，必要的硬件已经开发出来，但由于对快速、可靠和无处不在的网络连接的要求，使用受到限制。例如远程手术机器人、手术过程的远程监控、集成智能手术室和临床医生远程呈现。2020 年的事件和 COVID-19 大流行引起了全世界对数字化转型的关注。5G 连接的机制为这些变化的实际应用创造了条件。了解这项技术对于理解我们专业未来的发展和机遇至关重要。
