Laboratório Genômica e Evolução Molecular (LGEM), Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Laboratório Especial de Toxicologia Aplicada (LETA), CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Dev Dyn. 2022 Apr;251(4):556-576. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.421. Epub 2021 Sep 25.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs with pivotal roles in the control of gene expression. By comparing the miRNA profiles of uninjured vs. regenerating tissues and structures, several studies have found that miRNAs are potentially involved in the regenerative process. By inducing miRNA overexpression or inhibition, elegant experiments have directed regenerative responses validating relevant miRNA-to-target interactions. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been the epicenter of regenerative research because of its exceptional capability to self-repair damaged tissues and body structures. In this review, we discuss recent discoveries that have improved our understanding of the impact of gene regulation mediated by miRNAs in the context of the regeneration of fins, heart, retina, and nervous tissue in zebrafish. We compiled what is known about the miRNA control of regeneration in these tissues and investigated the links among up-regulated and down-regulated miRNAs, their putative or validated targets, and the regenerative process. Finally, we briefly discuss the forthcoming prospects, highlighting directions and the potential for further development of this field.
微小 RNA（miRNAs）是具有关键作用的小非编码 RNA，可控制基因表达。通过比较未受伤组织与再生组织和结构的 miRNA 图谱，一些研究发现 miRNA 可能参与了再生过程。通过诱导 miRNA 的过表达或抑制，精心设计的实验引导了再生反应，验证了相关 miRNA 与靶标之间的相互作用。斑马鱼（Danio rerio）因其出色的自我修复受损组织和身体结构的能力，成为再生研究的中心。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了最近的发现，这些发现提高了我们对 miRNA 介导的基因调控在斑马鱼鳍、心脏、视网膜和神经组织再生中的作用的理解。我们总结了已知的 miRNA 对这些组织再生的调控，并研究了上调和下调 miRNA、它们的假定或已验证的靶标以及再生过程之间的联系。最后，我们简要讨论了即将到来的前景，强调了该领域的发展方向和潜力。
