Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
Mol Cell. 2021 Sep 16;81(18):3731-3748. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.08.026.
Nutrient supply and demand delineate cell behavior in health and disease. Mammalian cells have developed multiple strategies to secure the necessary nutrients that fuel their metabolic needs. This is more evident upon disruption of homeostasis in conditions such as cancer, when cells display high proliferation rates in energetically challenging conditions where nutritional sources may be scarce. Here, we summarize the main routes of nutrient acquisition that fuel mammalian cells and their implications in tumorigenesis. We argue that the molecular mechanisms of nutrient acquisition not only tip the balance between nutrient supply and demand but also determine cell behavior upon nutrient limitation and energetic stress and contribute to nutrient partitioning and metabolic coordination between different cell types in inflamed or tumorigenic environments.
营养供应和需求决定了细胞在健康和疾病中的行为。哺乳动物细胞已经发展出多种策略来获取必要的营养物质，以满足其代谢需求。在癌症等情况下，当细胞在能量挑战的条件下显示出高增殖率，而营养来源可能稀缺时，这种情况更为明显。在这里，我们总结了为哺乳动物细胞提供燃料的主要营养物质获取途径及其在肿瘤发生中的意义。我们认为，营养物质获取的分子机制不仅平衡了营养供应和需求之间的关系，而且决定了营养限制和能量应激下的细胞行为，并有助于在炎症或肿瘤发生环境中不同细胞类型之间的营养分配和代谢协调。
