Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Neurobiol Aging. 2021 Dec;108:80-89. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.08.007. Epub 2021 Aug 19.
We examined the influence of lifestyle on brain aging after nearly 30 years, and tested the hypothesis that young adult general cognitive ability (GCA) would moderate these effects. In the community-dwelling Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging (VETSA), 431 largely non-Hispanic white men completed a test of GCA at mean age 20. We created a modifiable lifestyle behavior composite from data collected at mean age 40. During VETSA, MRI-based measures at mean age 68 included predicted brain age difference (PBAD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain signature, and abnormal white matter scores. There were significant main effects of young adult GCA and lifestyle on PBAD and the AD signature (ps ≤ 0.012), and a GCA-by-lifestyle interaction on both (ps ≤ 0.006). Regardless of GCA level, having more favorable lifestyle behaviors predicted less advanced brain age and less AD-like brain aging. Unfavorable lifestyles predicted advanced brain aging in those with lower age 20 GCA, but did not affect brain aging in those with higher age 20 GCA. Targeting early lifestyle modification may promote dementia risk reduction, especially among lower reserve individuals.
我们研究了近 30 年来生活方式对大脑衰老的影响，并检验了以下假设：即青年期一般认知能力（GCA）会调节这些影响。在社区居住的越南时代双胞胎衰老研究（VETSA）中，431 名主要是非西班牙裔白人男性在平均年龄 20 岁时完成了一般认知能力测试。我们从 40 岁时收集的数据中创建了一个可修改的生活方式行为综合指标。在 VETSA 期间，平均年龄 68 岁时的 MRI 测量包括预测脑龄差异（PBAD）、阿尔茨海默病（AD）脑特征和异常白质评分。青年期 GCA 和生活方式对 PBAD 和 AD 特征均有显著的主效应（p 值均≤0.012），且两者均存在 GCA-生活方式的交互作用（p 值均≤0.006）。无论 GCA 水平如何，具有更有利的生活方式行为预示着更年轻的脑龄和更少的 AD 样脑老化。不利的生活方式预示着 20 岁时 GCA 较低的人会出现更严重的脑老化，但对 20 岁时 GCA 较高的人的脑老化没有影响。早期生活方式的改变可能会降低痴呆症的风险，尤其是在储备能力较低的人群中。
