Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
Curr Med Chem. 2022;29(16):2913-2936. doi: 10.2174/0929867328666210921143644.
Osteoporosis is the most common skeletal disorder worldwide. Flavonoids have the potential to alleviate bone alterations in osteoporotic patients with the advantage of being safer and less expensive than conventional therapies.
The main objective is to analyze the molecular mechanisms triggered in bone by different subclasses of flavonoids. In addition, this review provides an up-to-date overview of the cellular and molecular aspects of osteoporotic bones versus healthy bones, and a brief description of some epidemiological studies indicating that flavonoids could be useful for osteoporosis treatment.
The PubMed database was searched in 2001- 2021 using the keywords osteoporosis, flavonoids, and their subclasses such as flavones, flavonols, flavanols, isoflavones, flavanones and anthocyanins, focusing the data on the molecular mechanisms triggered in bone.
Although flavonoids comprise many compounds that differ in structure, their effects on bone loss in postmenopausal women or in ovariectomized-induced osteoporotic animals are quite similar. Most of them increase bone mineral density and bone strength, which occur through an enhancement of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclast apoptosis, a decrease in osteoclastogenesis, as well as an increase in neovascularization on the site of the osteoporotic fracture.
Several molecules of signaling pathways are involved in the effect of flavonoids on osteoporotic bone. Whether all flavonoids have a common mechanism or they act as ligands of estrogen receptors remains to be established. More clinical trials are necessary to know better their safety, efficacy, delivery and bioavailability in humans, as well as comparative studies with conventional therapies.
骨质疏松症是全球最常见的骨骼疾病。类黄酮具有缓解骨质疏松症患者骨骼改变的潜力，其优势在于比传统疗法更安全、更便宜。
主要目的是分析不同类黄酮亚类在骨骼中引发的分子机制。此外，本文还综述了骨质疏松症骨骼与健康骨骼的细胞和分子方面的最新概述，并简要描述了一些表明类黄酮可能对骨质疏松症治疗有用的流行病学研究。
2001 年至 2021 年，使用关键词“骨质疏松症”、“类黄酮”及其子类（如黄酮、黄酮醇、黄烷醇、异黄酮、黄酮酮和花青素）在 PubMed 数据库中进行搜索，重点关注在骨骼中引发的分子机制。
尽管类黄酮包含许多结构不同的化合物，但它们对绝经后妇女或卵巢切除诱导的骨质疏松症动物的骨丢失的影响相当相似。它们中的大多数通过增强成骨细胞生成和破骨细胞凋亡、减少破骨细胞生成以及增加骨质疏松性骨折部位的新血管生成来增加骨矿物质密度和骨强度。
几种信号通路分子参与了类黄酮对骨质疏松症骨骼的作用。所有类黄酮是否具有共同的机制，或者它们是否作为雌激素受体的配体，仍有待确定。需要更多的临床试验来更好地了解它们在人类中的安全性、疗效、给药和生物利用度，以及与传统疗法的比较研究。
