Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Cell Biology and Genetics, State University of Maringá, 5790 Av, Colombo, Maringá/PR, Brazil.
Department of Physiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2022 Jan;46(1):137-143. doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-00969-1. Epub 2021 Sep 22.
Early postnatal overfeeding (PO) induces long-term overweight and reduces brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Exercise has been suggested as a possible intervention to increase BAT function. In this study, we investigated chronical effects of moderate-intensity exercise in BAT function in postnatal overfed male Wistar rats METHODS: Litters' delivery was on postnatal-day 0 - PN0. At PN2, litters were adjusted to nine (normal litter - NL) or three pups (small litter - SL) per dam. Animals were weaned on PN21 and in PN30 randomly divided into sedentary (NL-Sed and SL-Sed) or exercised (NL-Exe and SL-Exe), N of 14 litters per group. Exercise protocol started (PN30) with an effort test; training sessions were performed three times weekly at 60% of the VO achieved in effort test, until PN80. On PN81, a temperature transponder was implanted beneath the interscapular BAT, whose temperature was assessed in periods of lights-on and -off from PN87 to PN90. Sympathetic nerve activation of BAT was registered at PN90. Animals were euthanized at PN91 and tissues collected RESULTS: PO impaired BAT thermogenesis in lights-on (p < 0.0001) and -off (p < 0.01). Exercise increased BAT temperature in lights-on (p < 0.0001). In NL-Exe, increased BAT activity was associated with higher sympathetic activity (p < 0.05), β3-AR (p < 0.001), and UCP1 (p < 0.001) content. In SL-Exe, increasing BAT thermogenesis is driven by a combination of tissue morphology remodeling (p < 0.0001) with greater effect in increasing UCP1 (p < 0.001) and increased β3-AR (p < 0.001) content.
Moderate exercise chronically increased BAT thermogenesis in both, NL and SL groups. In NL-Exe by increasing Sympathetic activity, and in SL-Exe by a combination of increased β3-AR and UCP1 content with morphologic remodeling of BAT. Chronically increasing BAT thermogenesis in obese subjects may lead to higher overall energy expenditure, favoring the reduction of obesity and related comorbidities.
早期产后过度喂养（PO）会导致长期超重，并减少棕色脂肪组织（BAT）的产热。运动被认为是增加 BAT 功能的一种可能干预措施。在这项研究中，我们研究了中等强度运动对产后过度喂养雄性 Wistar 大鼠 BAT 功能的长期影响。
分娩发生在产后第 0 天（PN0）。在 PN2 时，将每只母鼠的幼崽调整为 9 只（正常幼崽-NL）或 3 只（小幼崽-SL）。幼崽于 PN21 断奶，PN30 时随机分为久坐（NL-Sed 和 SL-Sed）或运动（NL-Exe 和 SL-Exe）组，每组 14 窝幼崽。运动方案从 PN30 开始进行努力测试；训练课程每周进行三次，强度为努力测试中达到的 VO 的 60%，直到 PN80。在 PN81 时，将温度转发器植入肩胛间 BAT 下方，从 PN87 到 PN90 评估其在光照和关闭期间的温度。在 PN90 时记录 BAT 的交感神经激活。动物于 PN91 处死，采集组织。
PO 降低了光照时（p<0.0001）和关闭时（p<0.01）BAT 的产热能力。运动增加了光照时的 BAT 温度（p<0.0001）。在 NL-Exe 中，BAT 活性的增加与交感神经活性的增加（p<0.05）、β3-AR（p<0.001）和 UCP1（p<0.001）含量的增加有关。在 SL-Exe 中，BAT 产热的增加是由组织形态重塑（p<0.0001）与增加 UCP1（p<0.001）和增加β3-AR（p<0.001）含量的共同作用驱动的。
中等强度的运动长期增加了 NL 和 SL 两组的 BAT 产热。在 NL-Exe 中，通过增加交感神经活动，而在 SL-Exe 中，通过增加β3-AR 和 UCP1 含量以及 BAT 形态重塑的组合来增加 BAT 产热。慢性增加肥胖受试者的 BAT 产热可能导致更高的总能量消耗，有利于减少肥胖及其相关合并症。
