Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 832002, People's Republic of China.
Department of Forestry, School of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, Uygur Autonomous Region 832000, People's Republic of China.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2021 Nov;12(6):101817. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101817. Epub 2021 Sep 4.
Piroplasmosis is an economically important tick-borne disease worldwide. However, little is known about the presence of Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in ticks in Eastern and Southern Kazakhstan (ESK). During 2016 - 2019, adult ticks (at 26 sampling sites in 16 districts of 5 oblasts in ESK) were collected. Tick species were identified according to morphological and molecular characteristics. Two fragments (487 bp and 438 bp) of 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) were used to determine piroplasm species in representative 698 ticks. The genotype characteristics of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi were further analyzed by longer 18S rRNA gene fragments. A total of 6107 adult ticks (4558 parasitizing ticks and 1549 off-host ticks), including 4665 hard ticks and 1442 soft ticks, were collected from their natural hosts (cattle, horses, sheep, camels, shepherd dogs and hedgehogs) and the surrounding environment, respectively. Among the hard tick species, Dermacentor marginatus (62.59%, 2920/4665) was the most abundant, followed by Hyalomma asiaticum (19.36%, 903/4665) and Hyalomma detritum (9.95%, 464/4665). All soft ticks were identified as Argas persicus. 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA) phylogenic analysis showed that several tick species in Kazakhstan, as exemplified by Haemaphysalis erinacei and D. marginatus, clustered together with conspecific ticks reported from China. Five species of piroplasms, i.e. Babesia occultans, Babesia caballi, Theileria ovis, Theileria annulata and Theileria equi, were detected in 698 representative ticks. Genotype E of T. equi in Almaty, and genotype A of B. caballi in Almaty and South Kazakhstan were identified.
梨形虫病是一种在全球范围内具有重要经济意义的蜱传疾病。然而，人们对哈萨克斯坦东部和南部（ESK）的蜱中巴贝斯虫和泰勒虫的存在知之甚少。在 2016 年至 2019 年期间，采集了成年蜱（在 ESK 的 5 个州的 16 个区的 26 个采样点）。根据形态学和分子特征鉴定蜱种。使用 18S 核糖体 RNA（18S rRNA）的两个片段（487 bp 和 438 bp）来确定代表的 698 只蜱中的梨形虫种。通过更长的 18S rRNA 基因片段进一步分析了马巴贝斯虫和马泰勒虫的基因型特征。总共采集了 6107 只成年蜱（4558 只为寄生蜱，1549 只为离宿主蜱），包括 4665 只硬蜱和 1442 只软蜱，分别来自其自然宿主（牛、马、羊、骆驼、牧羊犬和刺猬）及其周围环境。在硬蜱种中，边缘革蜱（62.59%，2920/4665）最为丰富，其次是亚洲璃眼蜱（19.36%，903/4665）和钝缘蜱（9.95%，464/4665）。所有软蜱均被鉴定为波斯锐缘蜱。16S 核糖体 DNA（16S rDNA）系统发育分析表明，哈萨克斯坦的几种蜱种，如硬蜱属和边缘革蜱，与来自中国的同种蜱聚集在一起。在 698 只代表性蜱中检测到 5 种梨形虫，即巴贝斯虫隐匿种、马巴贝斯虫、绵羊泰勒虫、环形泰勒虫和马泰勒虫。在阿拉木图、南哈萨克斯坦发现了基因型 E 的 T. equi 和基因型 A 的 B. caballi。
