英国青少年的社交媒体使用与社交联系：对替代和刺激的质性探索
Social media use and social connectedness among adolescents in the United Kingdom: a qualitative exploration of displacement and stimulation.
作者信息
Winstone Lizzy, Mars Becky, Haworth Claire M A, Kidger Judi
机构信息
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Sep 24;21(1):1736. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11802-9.
BACKGROUND
Connectedness to family and peers is a key determinant of adolescent mental health. Existing research examining associations between social media use and social connectedness has been largely quantitative and has focused primarily on loneliness, or on specific aspects of peer relationships. In this qualitative study we use the displacement hypothesis and the stimulation hypothesis as competing theoretical lenses through which we examine the complex relationship between social media use and feelings of connectedness to family and peers.
METHODS
In-depth paired and individual interviews were conducted with twenty-four 13-14-year-olds in two inner-city English secondary schools. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded and thematically analysed.
RESULTS
Analysis identified four themes: (i) 'Displacement of face-to-face socialising' (ii) 'Social obligations' (iii) '(Mis)Trust' and (iv) 'Personal and group identity'. Results indicated stronger support for the stimulation hypothesis than the displacement hypothesis. We found evidence of a complex set of reciprocal and circular relationships between social media use and connectedness consistent with a 'rich-get-richer' and a 'poor-get-poorer' effect for family and peer connectedness - and a 'poor-get-richer' effect in peer connectedness for those who find face-to-face interactions difficult.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that parents should take a measured approach to social media use, providing clear guidance, promoting trust and responsible time management, and acknowledging the role of social media in making connections. Understanding and sharing in online experiences is likely to promote social connectedness. Supporting young people to negotiate breathing space in online interactions and prioritising trust over availability in peer relationships may optimise the role of social media in promoting peer connectedness.
背景
与家人和同伴的联系是青少年心理健康的关键决定因素。现有的关于社交媒体使用与社会联系之间关联的研究大多是定量研究，主要关注孤独感或同伴关系的特定方面。在这项定性研究中，我们使用替代假说和刺激假说作为相互竞争的理论视角，来审视社交媒体使用与与家人和同伴的联系感之间的复杂关系。
方法
对英国两所市中心中学的24名13 - 14岁青少年进行了深入的配对和个人访谈。访谈内容逐字记录、编码并进行主题分析。
结果
分析确定了四个主题：（i）“面对面社交的替代”（ii）“社交义务”（iii）“（不）信任”和（iv）“个人和群体身份”。结果表明，刺激假说比替代假说得到了更强有力的支持。我们发现证据表明，社交媒体使用与联系感之间存在一系列复杂的相互和循环关系，这与家庭和同伴联系方面的“富者愈富”和“贫者愈贫”效应一致，对于那些觉得面对面互动困难的人来说，在同伴联系方面存在“贫者愈富”效应。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，父母应该对社交媒体的使用采取审慎的态度，提供明确的指导，促进信任和负责任的时间管理，并承认社交媒体在建立联系方面的作用。理解并参与在线体验可能会促进社会联系。支持年轻人在在线互动中争取喘息空间，并在同伴关系中优先考虑信任而非随时可得性，可能会优化社交媒体在促进同伴联系方面的作用。
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