GIGA Neurosciences, Neuroendocrinology Unit, University of Liège, Belgium.
Children's Hospital Bult, Janusz-Korczak-Allee 12, 30173, Hannover, Germany.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Sep;35(5):101579. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101579. Epub 2021 Sep 17.
Sexual maturation in humans is characterized by a unique individual variability. Pubertal onset is a highly heritable polygenic trait but it is also affected by environmental factors such as obesity or endocrine disrupting chemicals. The last 30 years have been marked by a constant secular trend toward earlier age at onset of puberty in girls and boys around the world. More recent data, although more disputed, suggest an increased incidence in idiopathic central precocious puberty. Such trends point to a role for environmental factors in pubertal changes. Animal data suggest that the GnRH-neuronal network is highly sensitive to endocrine disruption during development. This review focuses on the most recent data regarding secular trend in pubertal timing as well as potential new epigenetic mechanisms explaining the developmental and transgenerational effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on pubertal timing.
人类的性成熟具有独特的个体可变性。青春期开始是一种高度遗传的多基因特征，但也受到肥胖或内分泌干扰化学物质等环境因素的影响。过去 30 年，全球女孩和男孩的青春期开始年龄一直呈持续的、明显的提前趋势。尽管最近的数据更具争议性，但提示特发性中枢性性早熟的发病率增加。这些趋势表明环境因素在青春期变化中起作用。动物数据表明，促性腺激素释放激素神经元网络在发育过程中对内分泌干扰非常敏感。本综述重点介绍青春期时间的最近数据以及潜在的新的表观遗传机制，这些机制解释了内分泌干扰化学物质对青春期时间的发育和跨代效应。
