Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, P. R. China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, P. R. China.
Poult Sci. 2021 Nov;100(11):101460. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101460. Epub 2021 Sep 2.
Supplementation of betaine in the diet appears to regulate fatty acid metabolism and decrease fat deposition. This study aims to identify the effects of dietary supplementation of betaine on zootechnical performance, fatty acid synthesis, abdominal fat deposition, and morphology. Three hundred healthy, male, one-day-old Jiangnan White geese of similar body weight were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 6 replicates per treatment and 10 geese per replicate, and given the following amounts of supplementary betaine: 0 (group A), 600 mg/kg (group B), 1,200 mg/kg (group C), 1,800 mg/kg (group D), or 2,400 mg/kg (group E). Feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), abdominal fat and sebum thickness, clinical blood parameters, hepatic enzyme activity, and abdominal fat morphology were monitored during the experiment. All geese had free access to feed and water throughout the study. Our results indicate that supplementation of betaine increased zootechnical performance at 21 and 42 d of age. The percentage of abdominal fat and sebum thickness of geese at 63 d of age decreased linearly with the addition of betaine (P < 0.05). The triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TCHOL) content of serum decreased with the increased level of betaine when measured at 63 d of age (P<0.05). Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) increased with the level of betaine (P<0.05). However, dietary betaine appeared to decrease the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the geese at 42 d and 63 d of age (P<0.05). The percentage of total area of lipid droplet decreased with the increased level of betaine supplementation. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of betaine increased lipolysis and decreased fat deposition in the finishing period of geese via reducing feed intake. However, the precise mode-of-action is yet unclear and warrants further research.
饲粮中添加甜菜碱似乎可以调节脂肪酸代谢，减少脂肪沉积。本研究旨在确定饲粮中添加甜菜碱对育肥性能、脂肪酸合成、腹部脂肪沉积和形态的影响。将 300 只健康、1 日龄、体重相近的江南白鹅随机分为 5 组，每组设 6 个重复，每个重复 10 只鹅，分别给予以下剂量的甜菜碱补充剂：0（A 组）、600mg/kg（B 组）、1200mg/kg（C 组）、1800mg/kg（D 组）或 2400mg/kg（E 组）。在试验过程中监测采食量（FI）、体重（BW）、腹部脂肪和皮脂厚度、临床血液参数、肝酶活性和腹部脂肪形态。所有鹅在整个研究过程中均自由采食和饮水。结果表明，21 和 42 日龄时，饲粮中添加甜菜碱可提高育肥性能。随着甜菜碱的添加，63 日龄时鹅腹部脂肪和皮脂厚度的百分比呈线性下降（P<0.05）。63 日龄时，血清中甘油三酯（TG）和总胆固醇（TCHOL）含量随甜菜碱水平的增加而降低（P<0.05）。激素敏感脂肪酶（HSL）随甜菜碱水平的增加而增加（P<0.05）。然而，饲粮中添加甜菜碱似乎降低了 42 和 63 日龄鹅的脂肪酸合成酶（FAS）活性（P<0.05）。随着甜菜碱补充量的增加，总脂滴面积百分比降低。综上所述，饲粮中添加甜菜碱通过减少采食量增加了鹅育肥后期的脂肪分解，减少了脂肪沉积。然而，其确切作用机制尚不清楚，需要进一步研究。
