Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Morden Research and Development Centre, 101 Route 100, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada.
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, 66 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 18;13(9):670. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090670.
head blight (FHB) can lead to dramatic yield losses and mycotoxin contamination in small grain cereals in Canada. To assess the extent and severity of FHB in oat, samples collected from 168 commercial oat fields in the province of Manitoba, Canada, during 2016-2018 were analyzed for the occurrence of head blight and associated mycotoxins. Through morphological and molecular analysis, was found to be the predominant species affecting oat, followed by , , , and . Deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV), type B trichothecenes, were the two most abundant mycotoxins detected in oat. Beauvericin (BEA) was also frequently detected, though at lower concentrations. Close clustering of and NIV/BEA, and DON, and and HT2/T2 (type A trichothecenes) was detected in the principal component analysis. Sampling location and crop rotation significantly impacted the concentrations of mycotoxins in oat. A phylogenetic analysis of 95 strains from Manitoba was conducted using the concatenated nucleotide sequences of , , and genes. The results indicated that all strains belong to a monophyletic lineage. Four subgroups of strains were identified; however, no correlations were observed between the grouping of strains and sample locations/crop rotations.
加拿大的小粒谷类作物发生穗枯病（FHB）可导致严重的产量损失和真菌毒素污染。为了评估加拿大马尼托巴省燕麦中 FHB 的发生程度和严重程度，对 2016-2018 年在该省采集的 168 个商业燕麦田样本进行了穗枯病和相关真菌毒素的分析。通过形态学和分子分析，发现 是影响燕麦的主要 物种，其次是 、 、 和 。在燕麦中检测到的两种最丰富的 真菌毒素是脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（NIV），B 型单端孢霉烯族化合物。也经常检测到 beauvericin（BEA），尽管浓度较低。在主成分分析中， 与 NIV/BEA、 与 DON、 与 HT2/T2（A 型单端孢霉烯族化合物）紧密聚类。采样地点和轮作显著影响了燕麦中 真菌毒素的浓度。对来自马尼托巴省的 95 株 菌株进行了基于 的、 和 基因的串联核苷酸序列的系统发育分析。结果表明，所有 菌株都属于一个单系。鉴定出 菌株的四个亚群；然而， 菌株的分组与采样地点/轮作之间没有观察到相关性。
