疲劳和呼吸困难是 COVID-19 后主要持续症状：与功能限制和残疾相关。

Fatigue and Dyspnoea as Main Persistent Post-COVID-19 Symptoms in Previously Hospitalized Patients: Related Functional Limitations and Disability.

机构信息

Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain.

Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

Respiration. 2022;101(2):132-141. doi: 10.1159/000518854. Epub 2021 Sep 21.

DOI:10.1159/000518854

PMID:34569550

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8678253/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Multicentre studies focussing on specific long-term post-COVID-19 symptoms are scarce.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine the levels of fatigue and dyspnoea, repercussions on daily life activities, and risk factors associated with fatigue or dyspnoea in COVID-19 survivors at long term after hospital discharge.

METHODS

Age, gender, height, weight, symptoms at hospitalization, pre-existing medical comorbidity, intensive care unit admission, and the presence of cardio-respiratory symptoms developed after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection were collected from patients who recovered from COVID-19 at 4 hospitals in Madrid (Spain) from March 1 to May 31, 2020 (first COVID-19 wave). The Functional Impairment Checklist was used for evaluating fatigue/dyspnoea levels and functional limitations.

RESULTS

A total of 1,142 patients (48% women, age: 61, standard deviation [SD]: 17 years) were assessed 7.0 months (SD 0.6) after hospitalization. Fatigue was present in 61% patients, dyspnoea with activity in 55%, and dyspnoea at rest in 23.5%. Only 355 (31.1%) patients did not exhibit fatigue and/or dyspnoea 7 months after hospitalization. Forty-five per cent reported functional limitations with daily living activities. Risk factors associated with fatigue and dyspnoea included female gender, number of pre-existing comorbidities, and number of symptoms at hospitalization. The number of days at hospital was a risk factor just for dyspnoea.

CONCLUSIONS

Fatigue and/or dyspnoea were present in 70% of hospitalized COVID-19 survivors 7 months after discharge. In addition, 45% patients exhibited limitations on daily living activities. Being female, higher number of pre-existing medical comorbidities and number of symptoms at hospitalization were risk factors associated to fatigue/dyspnoea in COVID-19 survivors 7 months after hospitalization.

摘要

背景

专注于特定的 COVID-19 后长期症状的多中心研究很少。

目的

本研究旨在确定 COVID-19 幸存者在出院后长期的疲劳和呼吸困难水平、对日常生活活动的影响以及与疲劳或呼吸困难相关的危险因素。

方法

从 2020 年 3 月 1 日至 5 月 31 日在马德里（西班牙）的 4 家医院康复的 COVID-19 患者中收集年龄、性别、身高、体重、住院时的症状、预先存在的合并症、重症监护病房入院和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 感染后出现的心肺症状。使用功能障碍检查表评估疲劳/呼吸困难水平和功能障碍。

结果

共有 1142 名患者（48%为女性，年龄：61 岁，标准差 [SD]：17 岁）在住院后 7.0 个月（SD 0.6）进行了评估。61%的患者存在疲劳，55%的患者活动时有呼吸困难，23.5%的患者休息时有呼吸困难。仅 355 名（31.1%）患者在住院后 7 个月时没有出现疲劳和/或呼吸困难。45%的患者报告日常生活活动存在功能障碍。与疲劳和呼吸困难相关的危险因素包括女性、预先存在的合并症数量和住院时的症状数量。住院天数是呼吸困难的危险因素。