Warshauer M E, Silverman D T, Schottenfeld D, Pollack E S
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1986 Apr;76(4):591-5. doi: 10.1093/jnci/76.4.591.
Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates for Puerto Rican-born residents in New York City (PR-NYC) for 1975-79 were about two times those for Puerto Ricans living in Puerto Rico (PR-PR) and one-half to almost two-thirds those for other whites in New York City. From 1958 to 1979, colon cancer mortality rates for PR-NYC increased dramatically (i.e., 212% in males and 54% in females), whereas in PR-PR, male rates increased only slightly and female rates remained constant. For stomach cancer, incidence rates for male and female PR-NYC were slightly, but not significantly, higher than those for male and female PR-PR. In contrast, stomach cancer mortality rates for PR-NYC were lower than those for PR-PR throughout the survey period, and mortality decreased substantially in all racial-ethnic groups in New York City and Puerto Rico from 1958 to 1979. Results of this study indicated that the changes in colorectal and stomach cancer incidence and mortality in Puerto Rican-born residents after migration to New York City, although not as dramatic as in migrants from Japan and Eastern Europe, were comparable to those observed for Hispanic migrants to New Mexico and Los Angeles.
1975 - 1979年，纽约市出生的波多黎各居民（PR - NYC）的结直肠癌发病率和死亡率约为生活在波多黎各的波多黎各人（PR - PR）的两倍，是纽约市其他白人的二分之一至近三分之二。1958年至1979年，PR - NYC的结肠癌死亡率大幅上升（即男性上升212%，女性上升54%），而在PR - PR，男性死亡率仅略有上升，女性死亡率保持不变。对于胃癌，PR - NYC男性和女性的发病率略高于PR - PR男性和女性，但差异不显著。相比之下，在整个调查期间，PR - NYC的胃癌死亡率低于PR - PR，并且从1958年到1979年，纽约市和波多黎各所有种族/族裔群体的死亡率都大幅下降。这项研究的结果表明，波多黎各出生的居民移民到纽约市后，结直肠癌和胃癌发病率及死亡率的变化，虽然不像日本和东欧移民那样显著，但与移民到新墨西哥州和洛杉矶的西班牙裔移民所观察到的变化相当。
