Carmo Cláudia, Oliveira Diana, Brás Marta, Faísca Luís
Psychology Research Centre (CIP), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
Children (Basel). 2021 Sep 4;8(9):777. doi: 10.3390/children8090777.
Perfectionism is a significant transdiagnostic process related to the development and maintenance of several psychological disorders. The main models of the development of perfectionism focus on early childhood experiences and postulate that parental relation is an important factor for understanding this construct in children. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between child and parental perfectionism, seeking to evaluate the empirical support of the Social Learning Model and the Social Expectations Model and children's perception of parenting styles. The present study included 119 children (51.2% girls, = 11.67 years) and their parents. Data were collected through administration of several self-report measures. The results show a relationship between the majority of the same parent and child perfectionism dimensions, thus providing supportive evidence for the Social Learning Model. Concerning the analysis of the role of gender in the transmission of perfectionism, observed fathers' perfectionism only relates with the sons' perfectionism, and mothers' perfectionism relates with daughters' perfectionism. Our findings allow for a deeper understanding of the role of the perception of an authoritarian parenting style in the development of maladaptive perfectionism. Mother and fathers' perceived parenting styles contribute more to daughter than son perfectionism. The results contribute to expanding the understanding of the role of parental factors in the development of perfectionism.
完美主义是一个与多种心理障碍的发展和维持相关的重要跨诊断过程。完美主义发展的主要模型聚焦于儿童早期经历，并假定亲子关系是理解儿童这一心理结构的一个重要因素。本研究的目的是考察儿童完美主义与父母完美主义之间的关系，旨在评估社会学习模型和社会期望模型的实证支持以及儿童对养育方式的认知。本研究纳入了119名儿童（女孩占51.2%，平均年龄 = 11.67岁）及其父母。通过实施多种自我报告测量工具收集数据。结果显示，大多数相同的父母和儿童完美主义维度之间存在关联，从而为社会学习模型提供了支持性证据。关于性别在完美主义传递中的作用分析，观察到父亲的完美主义仅与儿子的完美主义相关，而母亲的完美主义与女儿的完美主义相关。我们的研究结果有助于更深入地理解专制养育方式的认知在适应不良完美主义发展中的作用。母亲和父亲所感知到的养育方式对女儿完美主义的影响比对儿子的更大。这些结果有助于扩展对父母因素在完美主义发展中作用的理解。
