García-Arriaza Juan, Esteban Mariano, López Daniel
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Unidad de Presentación y Regulación Inmunes, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain.
Biomedicines. 2021 Aug 31;9(9):1122. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9091122.
There is a need to develop a highly effective vaccine against the emerging chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne that causes severe disease in humans consisting of acute febrile illness, followed by chronic debilitating polyarthralgia and polyarthritis. In this review, we provide a brief history of the development of the first poxvirus vaccines that led to smallpox eradication and its implications for further vaccine development. As an example, we summarize the development of vaccine candidates based on the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing different CHIKV structural proteins, paying special attention to MVA-CHIKV expressing all of the CHIKV structural proteins: C, E3, E2, 6K and E1. We review the characterization of innate and adaptive immune responses induced in mice and nonhuman primates by the MVA-CHIKV vaccine candidate and examine its efficacy in animal models, with promising preclinical findings needed prior to the approval of human clinical trials.
有必要研发一种针对新兴基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）的高效疫苗，该病毒通过蚊子传播，可导致人类患上严重疾病，包括急性发热性疾病，随后是慢性使人衰弱的多关节痛和多关节炎。在这篇综述中，我们简要介绍了导致天花根除的首批痘病毒疫苗的研发历史及其对进一步疫苗研发的启示。例如，我们总结了基于表达不同CHIKV结构蛋白的改良安卡拉痘苗病毒（MVA）载体的候选疫苗的研发情况，特别关注表达所有CHIKV结构蛋白（C、E3、E2、6K和E1）的MVA-CHIKV。我们回顾了候选MVA-CHIKV疫苗在小鼠和非人类灵长类动物中诱导的先天性和适应性免疫反应的特征，并研究了其在动物模型中的疗效，在批准进行人体临床试验之前需要有令人鼓舞的临床前研究结果。
