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模拟微重力对巨噬细胞表型的影响。

The Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Macrophage Phenotype.

作者信息

Ludtka Christopher, Moore Erika, Allen Josephine B

机构信息

J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.

Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.

出版信息

Biomedicines. 2021 Sep 12;9(9):1205. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9091205.

Abstract

The effects of spaceflight, including prolonged exposure to microgravity, can have significant effects on the immune system and human health. Altered immune cell function can lead to adverse health events, though precisely how and to what extent a microgravity environment impacts these cells remains uncertain. Macrophages, a key immune cell, effect the inflammatory response as well as tissue remodeling and repair. Specifically, macrophage function can be dictated by phenotype that can exist between spectrums of M0 macrophage: the classically activated, pro-inflammatory M1, and the alternatively activated, pro-healing M2 phenotypes. This work assesses the effects of simulated microgravity via clinorotation on M0, M1, and M2 macrophage phenotypes. We focus on phenotypic, inflammatory, and angiogenic gene and protein expression. Our results show that across all three phenotypes, microgravity results in a decrease in TNF-α expression and an increase in IL-12 and VEGF expression. IL-10 was also significantly increased in M1 and M2, but not M0 macrophages. The phenotypic cytokine expression profiles observed may be related to specific gravisensitive signal transduction pathways previously implicated in microgravity regulation of macrophage gene and protein expression. Our results highlight the far-reaching effects that simulated microgravity has on macrophage function and provides insight into macrophage phenotypic function in microgravity.

摘要

太空飞行的影响,包括长期暴露于微重力环境,会对免疫系统和人类健康产生重大影响。免疫细胞功能的改变可能导致不良健康事件,尽管微重力环境究竟如何以及在多大程度上影响这些细胞仍不确定。巨噬细胞是一种关键的免疫细胞,它会影响炎症反应以及组织重塑和修复。具体而言,巨噬细胞的功能可以由存在于M0巨噬细胞谱之间的表型决定:经典激活的促炎M1型和交替激活的促愈合M2型。这项工作评估了通过clinorotation模拟微重力对M0、M1和M2巨噬细胞表型的影响。我们专注于表型、炎症和血管生成基因及蛋白质表达。我们的结果表明,在所有三种表型中,微重力都会导致TNF-α表达下降,IL-12和VEGF表达增加。IL-10在M1和M2巨噬细胞中也显著增加,但在M0巨噬细胞中没有。观察到的表型细胞因子表达谱可能与先前涉及巨噬细胞基因和蛋白质表达微重力调节的特定重力敏感信号转导途径有关。我们的结果突出了模拟微重力对巨噬细胞功能的深远影响,并为微重力下巨噬细胞的表型功能提供了见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e089/8472625/0f52dea9c834/biomedicines-09-01205-g001.jpg

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