Shabbir Umair, Tyagi Akanksha, Elahi Fazle, Aloo Simon Okomo, Oh Deog-Hwan
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Aug 27;10(9):1370. doi: 10.3390/antiox10091370.
Gut microbiota (GM) play a role in the metabolic health, gut eubiosis, nutrition, and physiology of humans. They are also involved in the regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, immune responses, central and peripheral neurotransmission. Aging and unhealthy dietary patterns, along with oxidative and inflammatory responses due to gut dysbiosis, can lead to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the exact mechanism between AD and GM dysbiosis is still unknown, recent studies claim that secretions from the gut can enhance hallmarks of AD by disturbing the intestinal permeability and blood-brain barrier via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Dietary polyphenols are the secondary metabolites of plants that possess anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties and can ameliorate gut dysbiosis by enhancing the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Thus, modulation of gut by polyphenols can prevent and treat AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes the role of oxidative stress, inflammation, and GM in AD. Further, it provides an overview on the ability of polyphenols to modulate gut dysbiosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation against AD.
肠道微生物群（GM）在人类的代谢健康、肠道微生态平衡、营养和生理方面发挥着作用。它们还参与炎症、氧化应激、免疫反应、中枢和外周神经传递的调节。衰老和不健康的饮食模式，以及由于肠道菌群失调引起的氧化和炎症反应，可导致神经退行性疾病，尤其是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发病机制。尽管AD与GM失调之间的确切机制仍不清楚，但最近的研究表明，肠道分泌物可通过微生物-肠道-脑轴扰乱肠道通透性和血脑屏障，从而增强AD的特征。膳食多酚是植物的次生代谢产物，具有抗氧化和抗炎特性，可通过增加有益细菌的丰度来改善肠道菌群失调。因此，多酚对肠道的调节作用可预防和治疗AD及其他神经退行性疾病。本文综述了氧化应激、炎症和GM在AD中的作用。此外，还概述了多酚调节肠道菌群失调、氧化应激和针对AD的炎症的能力。
