Carpentieri Serena, Soltanipour Farid, Ferrari Giovanna, Pataro Gianpiero, Donsì Francesco
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
ProdAl Scarl, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Sep 5;10(9):1417. doi: 10.3390/antiox10091417.
Nowadays, the food industry is heavily involved in searching for green sources of valuable compounds, to be employed as potential food ingredients, to cater to the evolving consumers' requirements for health-beneficial food ingredients. In this frame, agri-food by-products represent a low-cost source of natural bioactive compounds, including antioxidants. However, to effectively recover these intracellular compounds, it is necessary to reduce the mass transfer resistances represented by the cellular envelope, within which they are localized, to enhance their extractability. To this purpose, emerging extraction technologies, have been proposed, including Supercritical Fluid Extraction, Microwave-Assisted Extraction, Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, High-Pressure Homogenization, Pulsed Electric Fields, High Voltage Electrical Discharges. These technologies demonstrated to be a sustainable alternative to conventional extraction, showing the potential to increase the extraction yield, decrease the extraction time and solvent consumption. Additionally, in green extraction processes, also the contribution of solvent selection, as well as environmental and economic aspects, represent a key factor. Therefore, this review focused on critically analyzing the main findings on the synergistic effect of low environmental impact technologies and green solvents towards the green extraction of antioxidants from food by-products, by discussing the main associated advantages and drawbacks, and the criteria of selection for process sustainability.
如今，食品行业积极投身于寻找有价值化合物的绿色来源，这些化合物将被用作潜在的食品成分，以满足消费者对有益健康食品成分不断变化的需求。在此背景下，农业食品副产品是包括抗氧化剂在内的天然生物活性化合物的低成本来源。然而，要有效回收这些细胞内化合物，就必须降低由细胞包膜所代表的传质阻力，这些化合物就存在于细胞包膜内，以提高它们的可提取性。为此，人们提出了一些新兴的提取技术，包括超临界流体萃取、微波辅助萃取、超声辅助萃取、高压均质化、脉冲电场、高压放电。这些技术已证明是传统萃取方法的可持续替代方案，显示出提高萃取产率、缩短萃取时间和减少溶剂消耗的潜力。此外，在绿色萃取过程中，溶剂的选择以及环境和经济方面的因素也是关键因素。因此，本综述着重批判性地分析了低环境影响技术和绿色溶剂对从食品副产品中绿色萃取抗氧化剂的协同效应的主要研究结果，讨论了主要的相关优缺点以及工艺可持续性的选择标准。
