Maries Liana, Marian Cătălin, Sosdean Raluca, Goanta Flavia, Sirbu Ioan Ovidiu, Anghel Andrei
Biochemistry Department, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Center for Complex Networks Science, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Sep 13;11(9):1675. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11091675.
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most frequent cardiac emergencies, with significant potential for mortality. One of the major challenges of the post-MI healing response is that replacement fibrosis could lead to left ventricular remodeling (LVR) and heart failure (HF). This process involves canonical and non-canonical transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathways translating into an intricate activation of cardiac fibroblasts and disproportionate collagen synthesis. Accumulating evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) significantly contribute to the modulation of these signaling pathways. This review summarizes the recent updates regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of the over 30 miRNAs involved in post-MI LVR. In addition, we compare the contradictory roles of several multifunctional miRNAs and highlight their potential use in pressure overload and ischemia-induced fibrosis. Finally, we discuss their attractive role as prognostic biomarkers for HF, highlighting the most relevant human trials involving these miRNAs.
心肌梗死（MI）是最常见的心脏急症之一，具有很高的死亡风险。心肌梗死后愈合反应的主要挑战之一是替代性纤维化会导致左心室重构（LVR）和心力衰竭（HF）。这个过程涉及经典和非经典转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）信号通路，进而转化为心脏成纤维细胞的复杂激活和胶原蛋白的过度合成。越来越多的证据表明，微小RNA（miRNA）对这些信号通路的调节有显著作用。本综述总结了关于30多种参与心肌梗死后左心室重构的miRNA作用的分子机制的最新进展。此外，我们比较了几种多功能miRNA的矛盾作用，并强调了它们在压力超负荷和缺血诱导的纤维化中的潜在用途。最后，我们讨论了它们作为心力衰竭预后生物标志物的诱人作用，突出了涉及这些miRNA的最相关人体试验。
