Ishiko Satoshi, Kagokawa Hiroyuki, Nishikawa Noriko, Song Youngseok, Sugawara Kazuhiro, Nakagawa Hiroaki, Kawamura Yuichiro, Yoshida Akitoshi
Department of Medicine and Engineering Combined Research Institute, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Hokkaido, Japan.
Asahikawa Red Cross Hospital, Asahikawa 070-8530, Hokkaido, Japan.
J Clin Med. 2021 Sep 17;10(18):4229. doi: 10.3390/jcm10184229.
This study aimed to investigate the influence of educational pressure on myopia. A less-intense school curriculum was introduced nationally in Japan beginning in 2012 based on a pressure-free education policy. In this retrospective observational study, a total of 1025 Japanese medical students of Asahikawa Medical University underwent measurements of the cycloplegic refractive error and axial length (AL), from 2011 to 2020. The spherical equivalent (SE) and AL were correlated significantly with the fiscal year of births ( = 0.004 and = 0.034, respectively) only during enforcement of the system of high-pressure education. The SE and AL regression rates during the two educational approaches differed significantly ( = 0.004 and = 0.037, respectively). The prevalence of high myopia was correlated significantly ( < 0.001) only during the system of high-pressure education. The regression of the prevalence rate of high myopia during the two education approaches differed significantly ( = 0.010). The progression rates of myopia and increased prevalence of high myopia were observed only during high-pressure education, suggesting that not only ophthalmologists but also educators and the government should work on together to control the progression of myopia.
本研究旨在调查教育压力对近视的影响。基于无压力教育政策，日本自2012年起在全国推行强度较低的学校课程。在这项回顾性观察研究中，2011年至2020年期间，旭川医科大学共有1025名日本医学生接受了睫状肌麻痹验光和眼轴长度（AL）测量。仅在高压教育体系实施期间，等效球镜度（SE）和AL与出生财政年度显著相关（分别为 = 0.004和 = 0.034）。两种教育方式下的SE和AL回归率差异显著（分别为 = 0.004和 = 0.037）。仅在高压教育体系期间，高度近视的患病率显著相关（< 0.001）。两种教育方式下高度近视患病率的回归差异显著（ = 0.010）。近视进展率和高度近视患病率增加仅在高压教育期间出现，这表明不仅眼科医生，教育工作者和政府也应共同努力控制近视进展。
