Martínez Antón L, Brea José, Rico Sara, de Los Frailes María Teresa, Loza María Isabel
BioFarma Research Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Experimental Sciences Faculty, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 14;22(18):9905. doi: 10.3390/ijms22189905.
Schizophrenia is a major mental illness characterized by positive and negative symptoms, and by cognitive deficit. Although cognitive impairment is disabling for patients, it has been largely neglected in the treatment of schizophrenia. There are several reasons for this lack of treatments for cognitive deficit, but the complexity of its etiology-in which neuroanatomic, biochemical and genetic factors concur-has contributed to the lack of effective treatments. In the last few years, there have been several attempts to develop novel drugs for the treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Despite these efforts, little progress has been made. The latest findings point to the importance of developing personalized treatments for schizophrenia which enhance neuroplasticity, and of combining pharmacological treatments with non-pharmacological measures.
精神分裂症是一种主要的精神疾病，其特征为阳性和阴性症状以及认知缺陷。尽管认知障碍会使患者丧失能力，但在精神分裂症的治疗中它在很大程度上被忽视了。认知缺陷缺乏治疗有几个原因，但其病因的复杂性——神经解剖学、生物化学和遗传因素都有涉及——导致了缺乏有效的治疗方法。在过去几年里，已经有几次尝试开发用于治疗精神分裂症认知障碍的新型药物。尽管做出了这些努力，但进展甚微。最新研究结果表明，开发增强神经可塑性的精神分裂症个性化治疗方法以及将药物治疗与非药物措施相结合非常重要。
