Chemical Engineering Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
Molecules. 2021 Sep 11;26(18):5525. doi: 10.3390/molecules26185525.
Although the first published works on electrodeposition dates from more than one century ago (1905), the uses of this technique in the recovery of metals are attracting an increasing interest from the scientific community in the recent years. Moreover, the intense use of metals in electronics and the necessity to assure a second life of these devices in a context of circular economy, have increased the interest of the scientific community on electrodeposition, with almost 3000 works published per year nowadays. In this review, we aim to revise the most relevant and recent publications in the application of electrodeposition for metal recovery. These contributions have been classified into four main groups of approaches: (1) treatment and reuse of wastewater; (2) use of ionic liquids; (3) use of bio-electrochemical processes (microbial fuel cells and microbial electrolysis cells) and (4) integration of electrodeposition with other processes (bioleaching, adsorption, membrane processes, etc.). This would increase the awareness about the importance of the technology and would serve as a starting point for anyone that aims to start working in the field.
尽管电化学沉积技术的第一篇相关出版物可以追溯到一个多世纪以前（1905 年），但近年来，该技术在金属回收方面的应用引起了科学界越来越多的关注。此外，电子行业对金属的大量使用以及在循环经济背景下确保这些设备的二次利用的必要性，增加了科学界对电沉积的兴趣，如今每年发表的相关论文数量接近 3000 篇。在这篇综述中，我们旨在回顾电化学沉积在金属回收方面的最新应用相关的最具代表性的出版物。这些贡献被分为四大类方法：（1）废水的处理和再利用；（2）离子液体的使用；（3）生物电化学过程（微生物燃料电池和微生物电解池）的使用；以及（4）电沉积与其他过程（生物浸出、吸附、膜过程等）的结合。这将提高人们对该技术重要性的认识，并为任何有志于该领域研究的人提供一个起点。
