Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Brunch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Pr. 100 Let Vladivostoku, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
Molecules. 2021 Sep 21;26(18):5703. doi: 10.3390/molecules26185703.
In contrast to many human organs, only the human liver can self-regenerate, to some degree. Some marine echinoderms are convenient objects for studying the processes of regenerations of organs and tissues. For example, sea cucumbers can completely restore within several weeks, the internal organs and the whole body after their division into two or three parts. Therefore, these cucumbers are a very convenient model for studying the general mechanisms of regeneration. However, there is no literature data yet on which biomolecules of these cucumbers can stimulate the regeneration of organs and the whole-body processes. Studying the mechanisms of restoration is very important for modern biology and medicine, since it can help researchers to understand which proteins, enzymes, hormones, or possible complexes can play an essential role in regeneration. This work is the first to analyze the possible content of very stable protein complexes in sea cucumbers . It has been shown that their organisms contain a very stable multiprotein complex of about 2000 kDa. This complex contains 15 proteins with molecular masses (MMs) >10 kDa and 21 small proteins and peptides with MMs 2.0-8.6 kDa. It is effectively destroyed only in the presence of 3.0 M MgCl and, to a lesser extent, 3.0 M NaCl, while the best dissociation occurs in the presence of 8.0 M urea + 0.1 M EDTA. Our data indicate that forming a very stable proteins complex occurs due to the combination of bridges formed by metal ions, electrostatic contacts, and hydrogen bonds.
与许多人体器官不同，只有人类肝脏在某种程度上可以自我再生。一些海洋棘皮动物是研究器官和组织再生过程的方便对象。例如，海参可以在几周内完全恢复其被分成两到三部分后的内部器官和整个身体。因此，这些海参是研究一般再生机制的非常方便的模型。然而，目前还没有关于这些海参的哪些生物分子可以刺激器官和全身过程的再生的文献数据。研究修复机制对于现代生物学和医学非常重要，因为它可以帮助研究人员了解哪些蛋白质、酶、激素或可能的复合物在再生中起着至关重要的作用。这项工作首次分析了海参中非常稳定的蛋白质复合物的可能内容。已经表明，它们的生物体中含有一个非常稳定的约 2000 kDa 的多蛋白复合物。该复合物包含 15 个分子量（MM）>10 kDa 的蛋白质和 21 个分子量 2.0-8.6 kDa 的小蛋白质和肽。只有在存在 3.0 M MgCl 和在较小程度上存在 3.0 M NaCl 时，该复合物才能有效破坏，而在存在 8.0 M 尿素+0.1 M EDTA 时，其最佳解离发生。我们的数据表明，非常稳定的蛋白质复合物的形成是由于金属离子形成的桥、静电接触和氢键的结合。
