Gacnik Sasa, Veberič Robert, Hudina Metka, Marinovic Silvija, Halbwirth Heidi, Mikulič-Petkovšek Maja
Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Institute for Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Aug 30;10(9):1807. doi: 10.3390/plants10091807.
Effects of spraying over apple trees (; 'Topaz') with methyl salicylic acid (MeSA) and SA during fruit maturation were investigated for quality parameters (weight, firmness, hue angle, red blush, yield) and phenolic profile of the peel and pulp (HPLC-mass spectrometry). These treatment effects were also investigated for activities of the phenylpropanoid pathway enzymes phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chalcone synthase and isomerase (combined), and flavanone-3β-hydroxylase. The MeSA and SA treatments resulted in poor fruit peel coloration, with higher hue angles and 20% and 10% lower red blush, respectively. Anthocyanin levels were also significantly lower (56%) for MeSA treatment. MeSA stimulated activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase/isomerase, which resulted in higher levels of flavanols (to 34%), flavonols (to 33%), and hydroxycinnamic acids (to 29%), versus control. Therefore, while these salicylate treatments improve levels of some beneficial polyphenols, they also have negative effects on the external quality characteristics of the fruit.
研究了在苹果（‘黄玉’）果实成熟期间，用甲基水杨酸（MeSA）和水杨酸（SA）喷洒对果实品质参数（重量、硬度、色相角、红晕、产量）以及果皮和果肉的酚类物质谱（高效液相色谱-质谱联用）的影响。还研究了这些处理对苯丙烷类途径酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶、查尔酮合酶和异构酶（综合）以及黄烷酮-3β-羟化酶活性的影响。MeSA和SA处理导致果皮着色不佳，色相角更高，红晕分别降低20%和10%。MeSA处理的花青素水平也显著降低（56%）。MeSA刺激了苯丙氨酸解氨酶和查尔酮合酶/异构酶的活性，与对照相比，这导致黄烷醇（提高到34%）、黄酮醇（提高到33%）和羟基肉桂酸（提高到29%）的含量更高。因此，虽然这些水杨酸酯处理提高了一些有益多酚的含量，但它们也对果实的外观品质特征产生负面影响。
